韩国地域主义政治探析

发布时间：2019-05-22 23:59

【摘要】：1987年韩国实现了民主化，但韩国政治中的地域主义现象却在这之后大规模出现。韩国的地域主义在语言，人种，宗教都毫无差别的条件下比起其它国家更为严重，甚至已经成为从政治上阻碍韩国社会发展进步重要大决定性因素。韩国的地域主义不是单纯的社会问题，而应当视为上世纪60年代以来以朴正熙为代表的军事独裁政权及与之相抗衡的在野政治势力相对抗的结构性因素，为维持、抵御霸权体制的地域情绪的动员及与之相对应的情绪的恶性循环下强化而来的政治结果。之后这种地域主义与代表各地区的领导者和政党的三金时代的特殊政治状况相连，，没有随着消除政治、经济、社会的不平等因素而弱化，反而伴随其他问题及政治动员、舆论媒体的相互作用而全方位向整个韩国社会扩散。选举中的地域主义问题从地方议员选举到总统大选都发挥着作用，是韩国政治现象的一大变数，成为当今韩国社会难以回避的现实问题。本文中首先整理了地域主义相关用语，将地域主义置于历史上对特定地区的偏见和排挤的历史前提下进行研究，阐明了地域主义产生的历史渊源。通过分析地域主义政治的形成、发展及深化的过程，找出地域主义发展过程中各大因素的影响，并从地域分裂的代表性事件出发，剖析地域分裂产生的过程。以及在“三金”退出韩国政治舞台后的各届总统选举中，地域主义又是如何发挥影响，通过分析地域主义时至今日产生的变化，推测分析地域主义今后发展的脉络。
[Abstract]:South Korea democratized in 1987, but regionalism in Korean politics appeared on a large scale since then. South Korean regionalism is more serious than other countries under the condition that there is no difference in language, race and religion, and has even become an important decisive factor in hindering the development and progress of Korean society politically. The regionalism in South Korea is not a simple social problem, but should be regarded as a structural factor in the confrontation between the military dictatorship represented by Park Chung-hee and the opposition political forces that compete with it since the 1960s. The mobilization of regional emotion against hegemonic system and the political result strengthened under the vicious circle of corresponding emotion. After that, this regionalism was linked to the special political situation in the three Gold Age, which represented leaders and political parties in various regions, and did not weaken with the elimination of political, economic, and social inequalities, but was accompanied by other problems and political mobilization. The interaction of public opinion and media spreads to the whole Korean society in an all-round way. Regionalism in the election plays a role from the election of local parliamentarians to the presidential election, which is a major variable of the political phenomenon in South Korea and has become an unavoidable practical problem in Korean society. In this paper, we first sort out the relevant terms of regionalism, put regionalism under the historical premise of prejudice and exclusion of specific areas in history, and clarify the historical origin of regionalism. By analyzing the process of formation, development and deepening of regionalism politics, this paper finds out the influence of various factors in the process of regionalism development, and analyzes the process of regional division from the representative events of regional division. And how regionalism exerts its influence in the presidential elections after the withdrawal of "Sanjin" from the political stage of South Korea. Through the analysis of the changes produced by regionalism to this day, this paper speculates and analyzes the context of the future development of regionalism.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D731.26

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