1999年以来的权力下放与英国国家统一
发布时间:2021-09-03 02:08
权力下放是1997年以来英国政府进行的重大宪法改革措施之一。从1999年下放权力机构正式开始运作迄今己逾15年。作为应对民族主义崛起的主要措施,权力下放曾被其设计者寄予厚望,认为通过将权力从中央下放到地方,不仅可使地方实现更好的自我治理,更能够满足非英格兰地区(苏格兰、威尔士,北爱尔兰)的自治诉求,从而抑制旨在实现这些地区独立的民族主义运动,从而巩固英国这一“联合王国”。然而事实证明,这一目的并未达到。非英格兰地区的民族主义继续高涨,尤以苏格兰为甚。2014年9月18日举行的苏格兰独立公投,更是将英国推向了分裂的边缘。本文作者认为,尽管苏格兰人最终选择了留在英国,但权力下放带来的危机远未结束。经过15年的权力下放,英国的国家统一已经明显弱化。从其背景和实践来看,英国权力下放存在诸多不利条件。首先,英国是一个由多民族联合而成的国家,这一过程虽由最强大的英格兰主导,但其余地区仍保留有较强的自我认同,缺乏对整个国家的高度认同;其次,非英格兰地区民族主义历史悠久,随着英国国力的衰弱,这些民族主义运动得以迅速发展;第三,英国权力下放是一种“不对称”的权力下放,不同地区享有的权力大小程度不同,这种...
【文章来源】:北京外国语大学北京市 211工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】:65 页
【学位级别】:硕士
【文章目录】:
Acknowledgements
摘要
Abstract
Abbreviations
List of Tables and Figures
Devolution and the Unity of the United Kingdom since 1999
1. Introduction
1.1 Issues and Questions
1.2. Literature Review
1.3 Defining Devolution
2. Devolution:A British Way to Tackle Nationalism
2.1 The Predicament of the Territorial Nature of the UK
2.2 The Challenges of Nationalism within the UK
2.3 The Practice of Devolution:Asymmetry and Divergence
3. The Impacts of Devolution on the Unity of the UK
3.1. The Strengthened Identity of the Union?
3.2. The Weakening of the Westminster Parliament and "Parliamentary Sovereignty"
3.3 Devolution and Party Politics
4. Case Study:Scottish Devolution
4.1 The Road to Devolution before 1999
4.2 Nationalism Temporarily Contained,1999~2007
4.3 The End of the Union?2007~Present
5. Reflections on Devolution in the UK
5.1 To What Extent Should Devolution Be Blamed?
5.2 What Are the Prospect of Devolution and the Unity of the UK?
5.3 What Can China Learn from the UK Experience?
6. Conclusion
Works Cited
本文编号:3380186
【文章来源】:北京外国语大学北京市 211工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】:65 页
【学位级别】:硕士
【文章目录】:
Acknowledgements
摘要
Abstract
Abbreviations
List of Tables and Figures
Devolution and the Unity of the United Kingdom since 1999
1. Introduction
1.1 Issues and Questions
1.2. Literature Review
1.3 Defining Devolution
2. Devolution:A British Way to Tackle Nationalism
2.1 The Predicament of the Territorial Nature of the UK
2.2 The Challenges of Nationalism within the UK
2.3 The Practice of Devolution:Asymmetry and Divergence
3. The Impacts of Devolution on the Unity of the UK
3.1. The Strengthened Identity of the Union?
3.2. The Weakening of the Westminster Parliament and "Parliamentary Sovereignty"
3.3 Devolution and Party Politics
4. Case Study:Scottish Devolution
4.1 The Road to Devolution before 1999
4.2 Nationalism Temporarily Contained,1999~2007
4.3 The End of the Union?2007~Present
5. Reflections on Devolution in the UK
5.1 To What Extent Should Devolution Be Blamed?
5.2 What Are the Prospect of Devolution and the Unity of the UK?
5.3 What Can China Learn from the UK Experience?
6. Conclusion
Works Cited
本文编号:3380186
本文链接:https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/guojizhengzhilunwen/3380186.html