改性天然材料对纸质文物保护的试验研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 08:18

本文关键词： 天然高分子材料醋酸丁酸纤维素淀粉纸质文物加固保护改性纳米材料　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：纸质文物见证和记载了人类社会文明的进步,受时间流逝及恶劣环境的影响普遍保存状况不容乐观。本文以古代造纸方法抄造并经加速老化模拟自然老化下的纸张为应用试验对象,分别研究制备了一种与纸张纤维相容性优异的天然高分子材料醋酸丁酸纤维素、淀粉为主,交联剂、纳米材料为辅的加固保护胶液。在深入分析研究纸质文物损害机理和现有保护方法的基础上,结合纸质文物的保存现状及文物修复要求,采用一种化学合成方法,将与纸张纤维相容性好,但老化性、柔韧性、粘附力等纸张保护所需必要性能欠佳的天然材料纤维素、淀粉等进行改性处理,制备天然高分子的改性材料,综合利用了天然高分子材料的各自的优点,又兼具小分子单体良好的机械、化学等性能。纸质文物的主要强度支撑是天然纤维,与天然高分子材料有很好的兼容性、亲和力,采用天然高分子材料为胶液主料在加固保护过程中可避免出现材料的互斥,同时天然高分子由于原料来源于动植物等天然再生资源,更具有可持续发展的意义。通过对模拟文物纸样抗张强度、耐折度、色差值、干热老化、油墨颜料等性能测试以及扫描电镜、红外、紫外仪器分析,证实制备的纸质文物保护胶液兼有物理修复和化学保护的效果,胶液能够渗透到纸张内部,对纸张纤维起到包附增粗和空隙填充的作用,提高了纸张的机械强度,并使纸张保持原有的光泽度,质感,柔韧性,可弯曲性,从纤维增粗、脆化加固、粉化固结、交联增强等多方面、多功能地对纸质文物进行加固保护,满足了文物保护“修旧如旧,保持原貌”等各项要求。
[Abstract]:The paper cultural relics witnessed and recorded the progress of human civilization, Under the influence of time lapse and bad environment, the general preservation condition is not optimistic. In this paper, paper made by the ancient papermaking method and simulated by accelerated aging under natural aging is used as the experimental object. A kind of natural polymer material with excellent compatibility with paper fiber, cellulose acetate, starch, crosslinking agent and nano-material, was prepared. On the basis of deep analysis and research on the damage mechanism and existing protection methods of paper cultural relics, combined with the present situation of paper cultural relics preservation and the requirements of cultural relic restoration, a chemical synthesis method is adopted, which will have good compatibility with paper fiber, but aging property. Natural materials such as cellulose and starch, which are necessary for the protection of paper such as flexibility and adhesion, are modified and treated to prepare the modified materials of natural polymers, which make comprehensive use of the respective advantages of natural polymer materials. It also has good mechanical and chemical properties of small molecular monomers. The main strength support of paper cultural relics is natural fibers, which have good compatibility and affinity with natural polymer materials. In the process of strengthening and protecting natural polymer materials, the mutual exclusion of materials can be avoided. At the same time, natural polymers have the significance of sustainable development because their raw materials come from natural renewable resources such as animals and plants. The tensile strength, folding resistance, color difference, dry heat aging, ink pigments and other properties of simulated cultural relic pattern were tested and analyzed by scanning electron microscope, infrared and ultraviolet instrument. It is proved that the prepared paper cultural relic protection glue has the effects of both physical and chemical protection. The glue can penetrate into the paper, play the role of thickening the paper fiber and filling the void, and improve the mechanical strength of the paper. And keep the original gloss, texture, flexibility, flexibility, bending, from fiber thickening, embrittlement reinforcement, powdering consolidation, cross-linking and other aspects, multi-purpose to strengthen and protect paper cultural relics, To meet the protection of cultural relics, "repair as old, to maintain the original" and other requirements.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K854

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