二里头文化年代学研究的反思——多元证据的分歧与互校

发布时间：2018-02-27 14:09

本文关键词： 二里头文化考古分期碳十四测年学术反思　出处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2015年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：二里头文化的14C测年研究早在上世纪70年代即已起步,但据其所构建的二里头文化绝对年代框架,始终与考古学分期方案及天文学推算成果之间存在诸多矛盾。近年来14C数据的屡次修订无疑加剧了这种矛盾,使得二里头文化的绝对编年体系与"陶器敏感范围"及"五星聚合时间"的分歧越来越大,并在一定程度上对周边文化的年代学成果形成了冲击。实际上,这些问题的产生都源于14C研究自身的局限。因此,正确认识采样的偶然性、测定的相对性及拟合环节中考古学背景的不确定性,是探索二里头文化绝对年代的理论基础。除此之外,加强相关学科的沟通与交流,打破"中原本位"意识的束缚也极为必要。总体来看,当前的14C技术尚不足以支撑二里头文化的定性研究,而只宜作为参考。二里头文化的年代构建应通过多元证据的互校和整合来加以完善。
[Abstract]:The 14C dating study of Erlitou culture started in -30s, but according to the absolute age framework of Erlitou culture, There are always many contradictions between archaeological staging schemes and astronomical projections. The repeated revision of 14C data in recent years has undoubtedly exacerbated this contradiction. This makes the absolute chronological system of Erlitou culture more and more different from "sensitive range of pottery" and "five-star aggregation time", and to a certain extent it impacts the chronological achievements of the surrounding culture. In fact, These problems all originate from the limitation of 14C study itself. Therefore, we should correctly recognize the contingency of sampling, the relativity of measurement and the uncertainty of archaeological background in fitting link. It is the theoretical basis for exploring the absolute era of Erlitou culture. In addition, it is also extremely necessary to strengthen communication and exchange among related disciplines and break the shackles of the "Central Plains standard" consciousness. Generally speaking, The current 14C technology is not enough to support the qualitative research of Erlitou culture, but only for reference.
【作者单位】：吉林大学边疆考古研究中心;
【分类号】：K878

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