陶寺古城形成与选址的环境与文化背景研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 03:02

本文选题：陶寺遗址　切入点：环境背景　出处：《水土保持研究》2014年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：临汾地区的陶寺遗址是黄河中游地区发现的夏代之前的都邑性古城。通过对临汾地区和陶寺遗址区域自然环境条件的研究和分析,结合区域考古学文化的发展,探讨了陶寺古城的形成原因以及选址影响因素。研究表明:全新世中期至陶寺文化时期,临汾盆地由于较为暖湿的气候条件、良好的土地资源和水资源条件,区域内的新石器文化获得了持续发展。仰韶文化中晚期,我国中原地区及北方地区的新石器文化均获得了快速发展。临汾地区不仅处于这一文化发达区域的中心位置,而且地处我国中原核心地区同北方和东北地区文化交流的重要通道上,同时也是我国东西向文化交流的通道之一,由于这种优越的地理位置,临汾地区的区域文化优势地位逐渐显露出来。相当于龙山文化晚期的陶寺文化时期,相较其他中原核心地区,临汾地区受水患影响较小,区域文化的强势地位进一步凸显,因而成为都邑性古城兴起之地。陶寺文化时期,古城所在的黄土台地冲沟尚未下切,南河和宋村沟均为宽浅的沟谷型河流,高于平原地面的黄土台地既有利于设防又能有效规避水患,在塔儿山上游地区拥有较大汇水面积的南河和宋村沟又可以提供丰富稳定的水源,因而是营建古城的理想场所。
[Abstract]:The Taosi site in Linfen area is the ancient city of Duyi before the Xia Dynasty found in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. Through the research and analysis of the natural environment conditions in Linfen area and Taosi site region, the development of regional archaeological culture is combined with the development of regional archaeological culture. The causes of the formation of the ancient city of Tao Si and the factors affecting its location are discussed. The results show that from the middle Holocene to the period of Taosi culture, the Linfen basin has good land and water resources due to the relatively warm and wet climate conditions. The Neolithic culture in the region has been continuously developed. In the middle and late stages of Yangshao culture, the Neolithic culture in the Central Plains and the northern part of China has developed rapidly. Linfen region is not only in the center of this culturally developed region, but also in the middle and late stages of Yangshao Culture. Moreover, it is located on an important channel for cultural exchanges between the core areas of the Central Plains and the north and northeast of China, and is also one of the channels for cultural exchanges in the east-west direction of our country. Because of this superior geographical position, The dominant position of regional culture in Linfen is gradually revealed. Compared with other core areas of the Central Plains, the dominant position of regional culture in Linfen region is less affected by floods, and the strong position of regional culture is further highlighted, which is equivalent to the later period of Longshan culture, compared with other core areas of the Central Plains. During the period of Tao Si culture, the gully of loess platform in which the ancient city was located had not been cut down, and both the Nanhe River and the Song Village ditch were of wide and shallow gully type rivers. The loess platform above the plain is not only beneficial to fortification but also effective to avoid flood. Nanhe and Songcugou, which have a large catchment area in the upper reaches of Tar Mountain, can provide abundant and stable water sources, so it is an ideal place to build the ancient city.
【作者单位】：北京大学城市与环境学院;北京师范大学教育部防沙治沙工程研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41171006) 国家社科基金重大项目(11&ZD183) 国家科技支撑计划项目课题(2013BAK08B02)
【分类号】：K878.3

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