裴李岗文化植物类食物加工工具表面淀粉粒研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 10:49

本文选题：裴李岗文化　切入点：淀粉粒分析　出处：《中国科学技术大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：植物一直是人类食谱的重要组成部分,淀粉是葡萄糖的高聚体,是植物的主要营养成分,多以淀粉粒形式储存于细胞中。淀粉粒在种子、块茎和块根等器官中含量特别丰富,而且淀粉粒能在考古地层中保存上万年。不同种属植物的淀粉粒在形态、大小、层纹、裂隙、消光等方面各有特征,因此可以根据淀粉粒的形态特征鉴定植物种类,这为其在考古学研究中的应用提供了依据。从二十世纪七十年代开始,淀粉粒分析成为的一项新的分析手段,它通过先建立现代植物种属的淀粉粒形态标准,然后通过对比去鉴定从考古遗物、遗迹中获取的古代淀粉粒的种属,以进行器物功能、古代人类对植物的利用等方面的研究. 裴李岗文化是黄河中游地区的新石器时代前期文化,因1977年首先发现于河南新郑裴李岗而得名。其年代经碳十四测定,大约距今8500～7000年。本文对裴李岗文化中比较有代表性的新郑裴李岗遗址、沙窝李遗址、岗时遗址,密县莪沟遗址,长葛石固遗址的15个石磨盘进行了取样分析。结果显示,15个石磨盘上共发现了1800多颗淀粉粒,可鉴定淀粉粒中比例最多的是橡子,占到总数的42.80%,其次是小麦族(23.89%)、粟黍或薏苡属(15.15%)、根茎类(0.27%)等。此外,还有一部分淀粉粒无法鉴定。本文的研究结果表明:①、裴李岗文化遗址的石磨盘的功能具有多样性;②、橡子可能是当时先民的重要植物性食物来源之一。上述实验结果可为中国农业起源研究提供一些新思路和新线索。同时,丰富的植物种类及组合也与当时温暖湿润的气候环境相吻合,从另一个角度为环境考古研究提供了一批新资料。
[Abstract]:Plants have always been an important part of human diet, starch is the hyperpolymer of glucose, is the main nutritional component of plants, mostly stored in cells in the form of starch grains, starch granules in the seeds, tubers and roots and other organs, especially rich, And starch grains can be preserved in archaeological strata for tens of thousands of years. Starch grains of different species have their own characteristics in shape, size, lamination, fissure, extinction and so on. Therefore, plant species can be identified according to the morphological characteristics of starch grains. This provides the basis for its application in archaeological research. Since the 1970s, starch granule analysis has become a new means of analysis. It first establishes the standard of starch grain morphology of modern plant species, and then through comparison to identify archaeological relics. The species and genus of ancient starch grains obtained from the remains, in order to study the function of implements and the utilization of plants by ancient human beings. Peiligang culture is a pre-Neolithic culture in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. It was first discovered in 1977 in Xinzheng County, Henan Province. About 8500-7000years ago. This paper deals with the representative sites of Xinzheng Peiligang, Shawo Li, Gongshi, and Ergou in Mixian, which are more representative in the culture of Pei Ligang. More than 1800 starch grains were found on the 15 stone grinding plates in Changge Shigu site. The results showed that acorns accounted for the largest proportion of starch grains. In addition, some starch grains could not be identified. The results of this paper show that the function of stone grinding disk at the cultural site of Peiligang is diverse and acorns may be one of the important food sources of the forefathers at that time. The above results can be suggested for the study of the origin of agriculture in China. For some new ideas and new clues. At the same time, The abundant plant species and assemblage also coincided with the warm and humid climatic environment at that time, which provided some new data for environmental archaeological research from another point of view.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K87

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