章丘焦家遗址大汶口文化居民生存状态研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 22:33

本文选题：焦家遗址　切入点：大汶口文化　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：大汶口文化上承北辛文化、下启龙山文化,处于海岱地区史前文明大发展大变革时期。此时的农业、家畜饲养业和手工业迅速发展,原始的刻画符号(文字)、水井、人殉现象等开始出现,预示着大汶口文化已步入文明社会的前夜。随着北美生物考古学理论在中国的传播,中国的体质人类学研究开始逐渐从原有的人种特征和食性分析转而开始关注于古代居民对当时环境与经济模式的适应性的研究,并引入了若干"生存压力指标"以帮助我们了解古人的生存状态。本文将从以下几个方面对2016年发掘的焦家遗址人骨材料进行综合的考察研究,以期了解焦家大汶口文化居民的饮食结构和行为模式,进而探讨当时的社会经济状况。第一章,回顾了山东地区目前已知的体质人类学研究概况,并简要介绍了焦家遗址的基本情况。第二章,介绍并讨论了焦家遗址大汶口文化居民的人口基本构成情况,并对当时的人口结构、平均预期寿命进行了讨论。第三章,复原了焦家遗址大汶口文化居民的身高、体质量,并探讨了生业经济变化对身高的影响以及个体间体型差异情况。第四章,运用古病理学的观察方法,对焦家遗址大汶口文化居民的牙齿磨耗、龋病、牙釉质发育不全、多孔性骨肥厚与眶上筛状样变、退行性关节疾病和创伤现象进行了考察,并探讨了该人群的饮食结构、活动模式和经济类型。第五章,介绍了焦家遗址中出现的大汶口文化的特殊习俗,包括生前拔牙和枕骨变形。第六章,结语,总结了全文各部分的研究观点并提出了当前研究中存在的不足以及对未来研究工作的展望。
[Abstract]:The culture of Dawenkou inherits the culture of Beisin and the culture of lower Qilongshan, which is in the period of great change in the development of Moo Myoung-Dae in Haidai area. At this time, agriculture, livestock farming and handicraft industry developed rapidly. The phenomenon of human sacrifice has begun to appear, indicating that the culture of Dawenkou has entered the eve of a civilized society. With the spread of the North American biological archaeology theory in China, The study of physical anthropology in China began to focus on the adaptation of ancient residents to the environment and economic model from the original analysis of ethnic characteristics and feeding habits. Several "survival stress indicators" are introduced to help us understand the living conditions of the ancients. This paper will conduct a comprehensive investigation and study on the bone materials of the Jiaojia site excavated in 2016 from the following aspects. In order to understand the diet structure and behavior pattern of the residents of Jiaojia Dawenkou culture, and then to explore the social and economic situation at that time. Chapter one, review the current known research situation of physical anthropology in Shandong, Chapter two introduces and discusses the basic composition of the population of the people living in the Jiaojia ruins, and discusses the population structure and average life expectancy at that time. This paper restores the height and body mass of the residents of Dawenkou culture in Jiaojia ruins, and probes into the influence of economic changes in the biological industry on the height and the differences of individual body types. Chapter four, using the method of paleopathological observation, The tooth wear, dental caries, tooth enamel dysplasia, porous bone hypertrophy and supraorbital ethmoid degeneration, degenerative joint diseases and trauma were investigated in this paper. Activity patterns and economic types. Chapter five introduces the special customs of the Dawenkou culture in Jiaojia ruins, including extraction of teeth and occipital deformation. Chapter VI, conclusion, This paper summarizes the research viewpoints of all parts of the paper, and puts forward the shortcomings of the current research and the prospect of future research work.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q981;K878

【相似文献】