肯尼亚马林迪奥美尼角沉船遗址2013年度水下考古发掘简报

发布时间：2018-04-01 09:24

本文选题：奥美尼角沉船遗址　切入点：水下考古发掘　出处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2014年09期

【摘要】：2013年11月至2014年1月,由中国国家博物馆和肯尼亚国家博物馆组成的中肯联合水下考古工作队,对马林迪奥美尼角沉船遗址进行了水下考古发掘。本次发掘主要完成了遗址东北部A区船体以上堆积和遗址东部、南部二条探沟的发掘和清理,发掘面积共计150平方米,确认了遗址的分布范围、层位堆积、船体结构、船载文物和文化内涵等基本情况。通过发掘揭露出较为清晰的船体结构,船壳外板单层、厚实,肋骨密集、粗壮,舱底垫板单层、轻薄,船体外包铅皮,以铅条填缝,造船工艺特点鲜明;出水有象牙、铜锭、铜范、水银、硫化汞、绿釉陶器、有孔石器等重要遗物,通过对比研究,奥美尼角沉船为16-17世纪葡萄牙船。奥美尼角沉船遗址是肯尼亚和东非的一次重大考古新发现,为探讨肯尼亚乃至东非沿海贸易提供了珍贵的资料,也为海上贸易与交流史研究提供了新的实物资料。
[Abstract]:From November 2013 to January 2014, the National Museum of China and the National Museum of Kenya formed a joint underwater archaeological team, Underwater archaeological excavations were carried out on the site of the sunk ship in Cape Malindi Omeini. This excavation mainly completed the excavation and clearance of the above hull of area A in the northeast of the site and the eastern part of the site and two trenches in the south, with a total area of 150 square meters. The distribution of the site, the accumulation of the layers, the structure of the hull, the cultural connotations of the shipborne relics and so on are confirmed. By excavating and revealing the relatively clear hull structure, the shell outer plate is single layer, thick, dense and thick, and the frame is dense and strong. The bilge cushion is monolayer, light and thin, the hull is covered with lead lead, and the characteristics of shipbuilding technology are bright; the effluent contains ivory, copper ingot, copper fan, mercury, mercury sulphide, green glazed pottery, and other important relics, such as hole-stone tools, etc., through a comparative study. Cape Omeini's sinking is a 16-17th century Portuguese ship. The site is a major archaeological discovery in Kenya and East Africa, providing valuable information for exploring trade off the coast of Kenya and even East Africa. It also provides new material for the study of maritime trade and communication history.
【作者单位】：中国国家博物馆水下考古研究中心;肯尼亚国家博物馆滨海考古部;
【分类号】：K884.24

【共引文献】