南阳汉画像石墓门初步研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 10:13

本文选题：汉画像石墓 + 墓门　；参考：《郑州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：南阳在两汉时期隶属于荆州刺史部南阳郡治地，是画像石（墓）分布的重要区域。墓门是墓葬中的一个重要构成区域，也是一个特定的位置，它为深入审视画像石墓这种独特墓葬形式的各个方面提供了一个很好的角度。本文是关于南阳汉画像石墓门的初步研究，在认真收集相关原始资料，仔细梳理前人研究成果，合理借鉴他人方法和理念的基础上，运用统一规范下的数据库方式著录了南阳汉画像石墓葬，墓门和画像石相关信息，进行了全面细致的样本检索和数量统计，根据南阳汉画像石墓门的具体实际情况，将墓门分为门楣，门柱和门扇三个部分，以数据库所得量化数据为基础，以画像内容和组合为标准，进行考古类型学分析，分期和年代推断，建立了南阳汉画像石墓门的年代框架，揭示了墓门画像的配置特征，风格和发展演变规律，为南阳画像石墓的年代判断（特别是那些年代判断存在争议的）提供佐证，结合整体墓葬研究，将画像，墓门，墓葬三者联系起来，解释其演变原因，然后通过典型高频图像（几何形图，铺首衔环图，建筑图，门吏图）和形象（虎类，鸟类，龙类，神人，羽人）的试析，探讨其中所蕴含的事死如生和祥瑞，辟邪，升仙的社会思想，最后对墓门功用作出定性的分析。从兴起，到发展，到鼎峰，最后消亡；从简单粗犷，到精致细腻而又具体生动，最后到单调粗糙；从几何形装饰图像，到楼阁人物等现实图像，再到神兽羽人等超现实图像，最后回归几何形图像甚至素面；从追求冥界物质生活享受的事死如生（基调）到祈求福佑的祥瑞，驱魔逐疫的辟邪，长生不死的升仙（侧重），最后到对求仙不遂的失落和觉醒，以及对现实世界及时行乐的关注，墓门画像就是整个画像石墓葬的缩影，，它的发展演变展示了整个画像石墓葬的兴衰历程。在这个历程中，不仅仅是思想文化方面，汉代社会的政治，经济等其他因素也一定在其中起到重要作用，本文透过现有的考古资料和历史文献资料等这些零散的历史碎片所复原的古代社会只是真实情况的冰山一角，一定会随着旧有资料的深层次挖掘和新考古发现的发掘而不断改变其面貌。
[Abstract]:Nanyang was an important area of stone relief (tomb) distribution in Nanyang County of Jingzhou in Han Dynasty. The tomb door is an important region and a special position in the tombs. It provides a good angle for a thorough examination of the various aspects of the unique burial form of the stone graveyard. This paper is a preliminary study on the door of the stone graveyard in Nanyang Han Dynasty. On the basis of collecting relevant original data carefully, carefully combing the previous research results, and using other people's methods and ideas for reference reasonably, This paper makes use of the database method under the unified standard to record the relevant information of the Han Dynasty stone tomb, the tomb gate and the stone relief in Nanyang, and carries on the comprehensive and meticulous sample retrieval and the quantity statistics, according to the concrete actual situation of the Nanyang Han Dynasty stone portrait tomb door, The door of the tomb is divided into three parts: the lintel, the post and the door. Based on the quantitative data obtained from the database, the archaeological typology analysis, staging and age inference are carried out on the basis of the contents and combinations of the portraits. In this paper, the chronological framework of the tomb gate of the Han Dynasty portrait of Nanyang is established, and the disposition characteristics, style and development law of the portrait of the tomb door are revealed, which provides evidence for the age judgment of the stone tomb in Nanyang (especially the controversial one). Combined with the study of whole tombs, the portraits, tombs and tombs are connected to explain the reasons for their evolution, and then through the typical high-frequency images (geometric figure, head rank ring map, building map, door official map) and image (tiger, bird, dragon), This paper discusses the social thought of death such as life and auspicious, dispelling evil spirits and rising immortals, and finally makes a qualitative analysis of the function of the tomb door. From rise, to development, to tripod peak, finally to extinction; from simple and rough, to exquisite, exquisite and vivid, and finally to monotonous roughness; from geometric decorative images to realistic images such as pavilions, and then to surreal images such as immortals, wild animals, feather people, etc. Finally returning to the geometric image or even the prime plane; from the pursuit of the material life of the underworld as life (the keynote) to the blessing of the auspicious, exorcism, the exorcism, the exorcism of the epidemic, the immortal ascendant (emphasis on the matter, the last to the loss and awakening of the immortality. As well as the attention to the real world, the portraits of the tomb door is the epitome of the whole stone tomb, its development and evolution shows the rise and fall of the whole stone tomb. In this process, not only the ideological and cultural aspects, but also the social politics, economy and other factors of the Han Dynasty must play an important role in it. The ancient society restored by these scattered historical fragments through the existing archaeological materials and historical documents is only the tip of the iceberg. With the deep excavation of old materials and the excavation of new archaeological discoveries, it will change its appearance.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K878.8

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