江苏地区明代纪年墓研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 18:19

本文选题：江苏地区 + 明代墓葬　；参考：《兰州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文将江苏地区的明代记年墓从墓葬类型、随葬品、规模等级及与之相关的问题进行分析研究。类型方面,该地区明代墓葬有砖室墓、砖石混筑墓、糯米浆三合土浇浆墓和竖穴土坑墓四种类型。明迁都北京之前砖室墓是该地的主要类型,迁都之后砖室墓仍大量存在,约在成化十五年(公元1479年)前后糯米浆三合土墓开始流行并取代砖室墓,直至明朝末年。随葬品方面,功能用途是区分其类别的重要依据,据此可将该地明墓出土的随葬器物划分为日常生活用品类和明器类。各类型墓葬中的随葬品种类存在着较大差异,砖室墓中常见成套的铜、锡明器,浇浆墓以服饰类为主,竹木类随葬品为浇浆墓中所特有,砖室墓中基本不见。规模方面,墓葬规模的大小影响墓内设施,规模越大墓内设施越完善;同时,墓葬规模与墓主身份等级密切相关,大型三室墓与中型双室墓的墓主多为公侯级别,小型墓葬包括单室砖室墓和浇浆墓,砖室墓主要被三、四品官员所采用,浇浆墓的墓主身份较为复杂,从功臣贵族到地主文人皆有采用。通过与中原地区以及安徽、上海两地明墓对比分析,该地区墓葬具有较强的区域特征,主要表现为:砖室墓集中分布于南京市及周边,糯米浆三合土浇浆墓自北向南分布于淮安、泰州、常州、无锡和苏州五地;另外,糯米浆三合土浇浆墓的坚固性和防腐性是此类墓葬的一大特点,家族墓葬在江苏地区明墓中占有较大比例,讨论其形制的发展变化是了解该地明墓的有效途径。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the Ming Dynasty tombs in Jiangsu are analyzed and studied from the types of tombs, burial objects, scale grades and related problems. In this area, there are four types of tombs in Ming Dynasty, such as brick tombs, masonry tombs, glutinous rice paste soil cast-in-place tombs and vertical pit tombs. Before the Ming Dynasty moved capital Beijing brick room tomb is the main type, after the capital relocation, the brick room tomb still exists in large quantities, about 15 years after Cheng Hua (AD 1479), the glutinous rice paste Sanhe tomb began to be popular and replaced the brick chamber tomb, until the Ming Dynasty last year. In terms of funerary objects, the functional use is an important basis for distinguishing their categories, according to which the funerary objects unearthed from the Ming tombs can be divided into daily necessities and Ming objects. There are great differences in the types of burial objects in various types of tombs. The common sets of copper, Ximing apparatus and cast-in-place tomb in brick room tombs are mainly clothing, bamboo and wood burial objects are unique in cast-in-mud tombs, and are not found in brick tombs. In terms of scale, the size of tombs affects the facilities inside the tombs, and the larger the scale, the more perfect the facilities are. At the same time, the scale of tombs is closely related to the gradation of the owners of the tombs, and the owners of large three-room tombs and medium-sized double-chamber tombs are mostly of the public rank. Small-sized tombs include single-chamber brick tombs and cast-in-place tombs. The owners of brick tombs are used by officials of three or four products. The tomb owners' status is more complicated, from meritorious nobles to landlords and literati. Compared with the Ming tombs in Central Plains, Anhui and Shanghai, the tombs in this area have strong regional characteristics, which are mainly manifested in the distribution of brick tombs in and around Nanjing. Glutinous rice paste (glutinous rice paste) earth-cast mausoleums are distributed from north to south in Huaian, Taizhou, Changzhou, Wuxi and Suzhou. In addition, the rugged and anticorrosive properties of glutinous rice paste are one of the major characteristics of such tombs. Family tombs account for a large proportion of Ming tombs in Jiangsu. It is an effective way to understand the Ming tombs in Jiangsu province by discussing the development of their shape.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K878.8

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