屯留余吾战国至两汉时期人骨的C、N稳定同位素分析

发布时间：2018-06-14 01:07

  本文选题：屯留余吾墓地 + C、N稳定同位素　； 参考：《山西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自春秋以下,至战国时代,我国开始进入封建社会时期,封建经济的改革浪潮推动了农业经济的发展,这一时期主要的农作物是粟(稷)和麦,但是粟在先民的食物结构中一直占据着主导地位。历经西汉,至东汉时期,小麦的种植才得到推广和普及,C3类植物小麦渐渐的取代粟成为人们主要的粮食作物。本次试验所选择的是位于山西东南部,隶属于长治市的屯留余吾墓地。山西在我国历史上一直占据比较重要的地位,关于古时山西农业的发展考古学者已经做了大量的工作。然而,由于其复杂的地理环境特征,全境农业发展呈现出非常明显的时间差异和空间差异,因此对于局部地区农业发展的特殊性的研究还不够。本文通过分析屯留余吾地区先民的食物结构,希望可以为山西东南部地区农业发展的研究提供一些科学数据。上世纪80年代,我国学者开始在全国多处选择考古遗址骨骼样品进行C稳定同位素分析,由此对全国不同区域先民的食物结构有了初步的了解,为之后的研究工作奠定了坚实的基础,同时也说明了C、N稳定同位素分析法在获取先民食谱以及研究农业起源和传播等问题上的重大意义。本文对屯留余吾墓地出土的人骨进行了C、N稳定同位素分析。屯留余吾墓地年代跨越较大,主要分为战国至两汉和明清两个大的阶段。这次实验的样品,主要选自战国至两汉时期。其中战国时期居民的δ13C值均值为-9.7‰士1.6‰(n=6),两汉时期先民的δ13C值均值为-10.4‰±1.3%o(n=15),两者的均值都比较接近于C4类植物δ13C值的标准平均值,说明这两个时期的先民都是以C4植物—粟作为其主要的粮食作物,这两个时期先民的食物结构并没有发生明显的转变。战国时期居民δ15N值的变化范围为7.9‰～9.5‰,两汉时期先民的δ15N的变化范围为5.3‰～11.4‰,暗示两汉先民较战国时期先民的肉食来源差异更大,而且从实验结果不难发现,两汉时期先民的肉食摄入量较战国先民普遍较高。总体来说,屯留余吾先民在获取植物性食物资源方面并没有十分明显的变化,但人骨中的高蛋白含量暗示了先民对肉类资源的摄入逐渐增加,这在一定程度上反映了此时的农业生产保持稳步发展,家畜饲养也有了进一步的发展。战国至两汉时期先民食谱在整体上是符合整个北方地区的发展趋势的,但是,东汉时期先民食物结构中C4类植物的比例均有些许的下降,这种现象应与东汉时期小麦的普及推广密切相关,但小麦种植并未在这一地区得到广泛地推广,其存在的滞后性当于晋东南地区特殊的地理环境、地形特征以及这一段历史时期的社会状况以及统治者所实行的政策、措施密切相关。
[Abstract]:From the following Spring and Autumn period to the warring States period, China began to enter the period of feudal society. The reform of feudal economy promoted the development of agricultural economy. In this period, the main crops were millet and wheat. But millet has always dominated the food structure of the ancestors. After the Western Han Dynasty, until the Eastern Han Dynasty, wheat planting was popularized and popularized. This experiment is located in the southeast of Shanxi, belonging to Changzhi City Tunliyu Cemetery. Shanxi has always occupied an important position in the history of our country. Archaeologists on the development of Shanxi agriculture in ancient times have done a lot of work. However, because of its complex geographical environment characteristics, the agricultural development of the whole territory presents a very obvious difference in time and space, so the research on the particularity of local agricultural development is not enough. By analyzing the food structure of the forefathers in Tunliu Yuwu area, this paper hopes to provide some scientific data for the study of agricultural development in the southeast of Shanxi Province. In the 1980s, Chinese scholars began to select bone samples from archaeological sites throughout the country for C stable isotope analysis, thus gaining a preliminary understanding of the food structure of the ancestors in different regions of the country. It lays a solid foundation for the later research work, and also explains the great significance of Con N stable isotope analysis in obtaining the recipes of the ancestors and studying the origin and spread of agriculture. In this paper, the Con N stable isotopic analysis of human bones unearthed from Tunliyu Cemetery has been carried out. Tuliu Yu Cemetery span a large age, mainly divided into the warring States to the Han Dynasty and the Ming and Qing dynasties two major stages. The sample of this experiment, mainly selected from the warring States to the Han Dynasty. In the warring States period, the average 未 13C value of the inhabitants was -9.7 鈥，

本文编号：2016344