论清华简《厚父》的思想意蕴与文献性质

发布时间：2018-06-15 03:00

本文选题：清华简 + 《厚父》　；参考：《史学集刊》2017年02期

【摘要】：清华简《厚父》表达了国家治理要在治民而非祭祀的主题,重在探讨民众属性,提出了"民心难测"的观念。其认为民众行为复杂多变,说话行事很难反映真实内心,甚或具有欺骗性。统治者因此难以认识民众本心,君、师等国家机构的设立就是为了治理民众罪行。这种观念与孟子等儒家安民、养民的观念相距甚远,《孟子》所引"天降下民"一段逸《书》不可能出自《厚父》,其中的"宠民"也非"治民"之讹。《厚父》对民的认识与"虞夏书"及"周书"中反复强调的"保民"思想均有重要差异,并非我们今天所看到的"虞夏书"或"周书"的一种。《厚父》重在探讨"小人之德",其对民性复杂性的认识在先秦文献中是不多见的。
[Abstract]:Qinghua Bamboo slips "thick Father" expresses the theme that the government of the country should govern the people instead of sacrificing the people, and puts forward the idea of "the people's heart is difficult to measure". It thinks that people's behavior is complex and changeable, it is difficult to reflect the real heart, or even deceptive. Therefore, it is difficult for the ruler to understand the people's heart. The state institutions, such as monarchs and teachers, are set up to govern people's crimes. This concept and Mencius and other Confucian people, The concept of raising the people is far from the other. The passage of "Heaven falls down on the people" cited by Mencius cannot come from the "thick Father", nor is the "favoring the people" the error of "governing the people." the understanding of the people by the "thick Father" and the "Yu Xia Shu" and the "Zhou Shu" are not the same as those of the "Yu Xia Shu" and "Zhou Shu". "there are important differences in the idea of" protecting the people ", which has been stressed repeatedly in China, "Yu Xia Shu" or "Zhou Shu", which we see today, focuses on the discussion of "the virtue of the villain", and its understanding of the complexity of the people's character is rare in the literature of the Pre-Qin Dynasty.
【作者单位】：吉林大学文学院;
【基金】：吉林大学廉政建设专项研究课题“先秦巡视活动研究”(2016LZY014)
【分类号】：K877.5

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