4.5~4.0kaB.P.气候变化、人口增长、条件限制与黄河中下游地区龙山酋邦社会产生

发布时间：2018-06-15 17:43

本文选题：.~.kaB.P.气候变化 + 黄河中下游地区　；参考：《第四纪研究》2014年01期

【摘要】：黄河中下游地区龙山时代中晚期(4.5~4.0kaB.P.)酋邦社会的产生是我国史前社会演进过程中一个重要事件,关于其形成机制,学者提出了各种假说或理论,然而到目前为止,还没有一种理论能够给出令人满意的解释。本文首先根据考古和历史文献证据,揭示出龙山时代中晚期战争盛行的社会现象,从而支持了国际学术界关于战争是史前社会演化主要驱动力理论;然后利用多种自然气候记录恢复了龙山时代气候变化历史,发现龙山时代中晚期,即大约4.5~4.0kaB.P.发生了显著气候变化,其发生时间与黄河中下游地区龙山酋邦社会产生的时间比较吻合,暗示二者之间存在某种联系。另外结合人口学和社会演进理论,尝试提出另一种可供检验的假说,即认为在主要由于人口增长形成的限制条件下,气候变化作用于一定人口规模之上,引起人口-资源失衡,并进而触发的冲突和战争是黄河中下游地区酋邦社会产生的主要动因。
[Abstract]:The middle and late Longshan epoch in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River is 4.5KA B.P. The emergence of the chiefdom society is an important event in the evolution of prehistoric society in China. Scholars have put forward various hypotheses or theories about its formation mechanism, but up to now, no theory has been able to give a satisfactory explanation. Firstly, according to the archaeological and historical literature evidence, this paper reveals the prevailing social phenomenon of the war in the late Longshan period, which supports the theory that war is the main driving force of prehistoric social evolution in the international academic circles. The history of climate change in Longshan epoch was restored by using a variety of natural climate records, and it was found that the middle and late Longshan epoch was about 4.54.0kaB.P. The significant climate change occurred in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, which coincided with the time when the Chiefdom Society of Longshan occurred in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, suggesting that there is a certain connection between the two. In addition, combining the theory of demography and social evolution, we try to put forward another kind of hypothesis which can be tested, that is, climate change acts on a certain population size under the constraint of population growth, and causes population and resource imbalance. And then the conflicts and wars are the main causes of the chiefdom society in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41172154) 全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划项目(批准号:2010CB950103) 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所“一三五”战略科技计划前沿探索项目(批准号:2012QY003)共同资助
【分类号】：K85

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