古代壁画中颜料及染料的拉曼光谱研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 10:54

本文选题：拉曼光谱 + 便携式光纤拉曼　；参考：《吉林大学》2010年博士论文

【摘要】： 拉曼光谱作为材料指纹光谱在文物鉴定方面具有独特的优势。尤其是在针对文物及珍贵艺术品,拉曼光谱的原位、无损及高灵敏的检测特性,更是其他检测手段无法替代的。本文利用便携式光纤拉曼光谱仪对模拟试块样品、文物残片、考古与修复现场的敦煌莫高窟壁画进行拉曼光谱分析与研究。基于分子振动光谱对矿物材料的研究基础,对文物中的颜料分析及指认。主要内容及创新成果如下: 1.考古现场便携式拉曼光谱仪及辅助器材的结构设计,文物拉曼光谱分析的实验室模拟。根据文物现场的需求与特点,在实验室模拟环境下验证便携式光纤拉曼检测系统的适用性。在最大程度发挥其原位无损检测特性的基础上,尽可能获得高质量的拉曼光谱。分别通过对压片及模拟试块等样品进行光谱检测,为实际现场检测提供方法和经验。 2.根据考古现场的特殊性设计拉曼光谱检测流程。由于考古现场可能存在的空间环境的特殊性;样品表面特征所造成的特殊需求;以及便携仪器在考古检测现场的安全操作等特殊性的存在;在遵循安全性高、通用性好、操作规范适用性强等特点的基础上设计拉曼光谱的检测流程。这以流程的制定也是由于现今我国在文物光谱分析方面还没有制定过细节清晰、易于操作、提高检测安全性的操作标准;而由于文物对象所具有的不可恢复的特殊性和宝贵价值,因此制定一个较为规范的文物检测操作流程是具有重要意义的。 3.敦煌莫高窟壁画现场与残片的拉曼光谱检测分析。利用优化性能的便携式光纤拉曼检测系统,以设计的具有一定规范及安全性的拉曼光谱检测操作流程,对敦煌莫高窟石窟寺壁画残片及第98窟的壁画进行原位无损的检测。分别利用532nm和785nm激光作为激发线的便携式光纤拉曼光谱仪进行数据采集,并对壁画及残片中矿物颜料及混合颜料给予鉴别和指认。 4.维也纳艺术馆艺术品中有机染料的拉曼光谱检测。利用拉曼和表面增强拉曼光谱技术对结构相似、环境影响下易发生结构转化的有机染料flavanthrone和indanthrone进行分析,通过对其表面增强拉曼光谱信号的分析指认,总结出了两种染料在受污染或表观难辨状态下拉曼鉴别方法的表面增强拉曼数据特征及特征指认官能团信号。
[Abstract]:Raman spectroscopy as a fingerprint spectrum of materials has a unique advantage in the identification of cultural relics. Especially for cultural relics and precious works of art, Raman spectroscopy in situ, non-destructive and highly sensitive detection characteristics, but also other detection methods can not be replaced. In this paper, a portable fiber Raman spectrometer is used to analyze and study the samples of simulated samples, fragments of cultural relics and murals of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes at the site of archaeology and restoration. Based on the molecular vibration spectrum of mineral materials, the pigment analysis and identification in cultural relics. The structure design of portable Raman spectrometer and auxiliary equipment at archaeological site, the laboratory simulation of Raman spectrum analysis of cultural relics. According to the requirements and characteristics of the cultural relics field, the applicability of the portable fiber Raman detection system is verified in the laboratory simulation environment. On the basis of maximizing its in situ nondestructive testing (NDT) properties, high quality Raman spectra are obtained as far as possible. The method and experience of practical field detection are provided by spectrum detection of pressed sheet and simulated sample. 2. According to the particularity of archaeological site, the Raman spectrum detection process was designed. Due to the particularity of the space environment that may exist at the archaeological site, the special needs caused by the surface characteristics of the sample, and the existence of the particularity of the safe operation of the portable instrument in the archaeological testing site, etc., it has high safety and good versatility. The detection flow of Raman spectrum is designed on the basis of the strong applicability of the operation standard. It is also due to the fact that there are no clear details, easy to operate and improve the safety of detection in the spectral analysis of cultural relics in our country. Due to the irrecoverable particularity and valuable value of the objects of cultural relics, it is of great significance to establish a more standardized procedure for the detection of cultural relics. Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of the scene and debris of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. By using a portable optical fiber Raman detection system with optimized performance, and with the designed operating flow of Raman spectrum detection with certain specification and security, the original site nondestructive inspection of the mural fragments of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes and the murals of Grottoes 98 were carried out. The portable fiber Raman spectrometer using 532nm and 785nm laser as excitation line was used to collect data, and the mineral pigments and mixed pigments in murals and fragments were identified and identified. Raman Spectroscopy of Organic Dyes in Viennese Museum of Art. The organic dyes flavanthrone and indanthrone, which have similar structure and easy structural transformation under the influence of environment, were analyzed by Raman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and their surface-enhanced Raman spectrum signals were identified. The surface enhanced Raman data characteristics and feature identification signals of two kinds of dye Raman identification methods in contaminated or unrecognizable state are summarized in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K854

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