非物质文化遗产视角下耀州窑制瓷工艺的保护和传承研究

发布时间：2018-07-28 13:06

【摘要】：耀州窑,是中国古代名窑之一,创烧于唐代,宋代达到巅峰,凭借其犀利、流畅的刻花工艺,被冯先铭先生誉为“宋代同类装饰之冠”。北宋时期的耀州窑,凭借其高超的烧制工艺和艺术水准,曾经为宫廷烧制贡瓷,其影响横跨中国南、北方的制瓷业,并形成了宋代六大窑系之一的“耀州窑系”,在中国陶瓷史上占据非常重要的地位。耀州窑独特的制瓷工艺承载着厚重的历史、文化、艺术、科学等价值,是中国古代耀州制陶人智慧的结晶,是全人类宝贵的非物质文化遗产。然而,近年来耀州窑传统制瓷工艺的保护和传承现状令人堪忧,存在着传承人保护不力、后续人才极度匮乏、耀瓷生产企业规模小、产品鲜有创新、政府宣传力度不够、“非遗”社会认知度差,以及相关保护制度不健全等诸多问题,造成耀瓷一些传统瓷品的烧制技艺已经面临消亡,引起了专家、学者们的高度关注。本文以非物质文化遗产的相关理论作为支撑,首先,通过实地考察、问卷调查、人物访谈、综合分析等方法,透视目前耀州窑制瓷工艺保护和传承所面临的问题;其次,通过对景德镇、龙泉等国内其它窑口的实地调研,借鉴其成功的经验和做法;最后,再结合耀州窑的实际情况,探索性地提出了适合耀州窑制瓷工艺保护和传承的方案,分别从传承人、耀瓷烧制技艺、以及耀瓷企业和从业者的经济权利保障等三个方面进行详细阐述,具有很强的实践性和可操作性。此外,本文还从旅游专业的角度,指出了铜川市在发展陶瓷特色旅游方面存在的缺失,并提出了合理的意见和建议。
[Abstract]:Yaozhou kiln, one of the famous ancient kilns in ancient China, was burned in the Tang Dynasty and reached its peak in the Song Dynasty. By virtue of its sharp and fluent engraving technology, it was praised by Mr. Feng Xianming as "the crown of the same kind in the Song Dynasty". The Yaozhou kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty, with its superb burning technology and artistic standard, once burned tribute porcelain for the court, and its influence across the South and north of China. Making the porcelain industry and forming the "Yaozhou kiln system", one of the six big kiln departments of the Song Dynasty, occupies a very important position in the history of Chinese ceramics. The unique porcelain craft of Yaozhou kiln bears the value of heavy history, culture, art and science. It is the crystallization of the wisdom of the pottery people in ancient China and is the precious intangible cultural heritage of the whole of mankind. However, it is a precious intangible cultural heritage of the whole mankind. In recent years, the protection and inheritance of the traditional porcelain making technology in Yaozhou kiln is worrying. There are many problems, such as the poor protection of the inheritors, the extreme lack of follow-up talents, the small scale of the porcelain production enterprises, the few innovation of the products, the insufficient publicity of the government, the poor social recognition and the unsound protection system. The firing technology of traditional porcelain products has been disappearing, which has attracted the attention of experts and scholars.
This paper is supported by the related theories of intangible cultural heritage. First, through field investigation, questionnaire, interview, comprehensive analysis and other methods, the problems faced by the technology protection and inheritance of Yaozhou kiln porcelain are examined. Secondly, through the field investigation of other kilns in Jingdezhen and Longquan and other countries, the successful experience and practice are used for reference. In the end, combined with the actual situation of Yaozhou kiln, the scheme which is suitable for the protection and inheritance of Yaozhou kiln porcelain technology is put forward, which are elaborated from three aspects, such as the inheritor, the firing technique of the porcelain, and the economic rights of the porcelain enterprises and the practitioners.
In addition, from the perspective of tourism specialty, this paper points out the deficiencies of Tongchuan in developing ceramic characteristic tourism, and puts forward reasonable suggestions and suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K876.3

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