新疆巴里坤西沟遗址1号墓及出土金饰品研究

发布时间：2018-09-05 13:23

【摘要】：战国晚期至西汉初期,匈奴经过一系列的扩张战争打败了驻牧在东天山地区的月氏,并占据了这一地区。以红山口——石人子沟遗址群为代表的东天山地区早期游牧文化遗存分为早晚两期,其中晚期文化墓葬主体属于匈奴遗存。西沟遗址1号墓是西沟遗址首次发掘的墓葬,也是整个红山口——石人子沟遗址群已发掘的少数晚期大型墓葬之一。其墓葬形制和葬俗反映了游牧民族特殊的丧葬习俗,墓葬出土的精美随葬品为研究东天山地区古代游牧民族文化交流提供了新的资料。本文通过对西沟遗址1号墓考古发掘资料的细致整理和考古类型学、考古学文化因素的比较,初步判断墓葬石筑封堆、石椁葬具、扰乱葬等主体文化特征属于匈奴,墓室北侧殉马、虎形、盘羊形、格里芬形题材等部分因素来自阿尔泰地区巴泽雷克文化,墓葬族属应为匈奴。匈奴在崛起扩张的过程中,不断裹挟甘青、阿尔泰等地区的少数部族,发生民族和文化的融合,导致其墓葬形制、葬俗和随葬品包含了多种文化的因素,西沟遗址1号墓所反映的墓葬文化面貌正是这一历史背景的写照。
[Abstract]:From the late warring States period to the early Western Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu defeated and occupied the eastern Tianshan region through a series of expansionary wars. The early nomadic cultural remains in the East Tianshan region, represented by the Hongshankou-Shirenzigou site group, are divided into two periods, in which the late cultural tombs belong to the Xiongnu remains. Tomb No. 1 of Xigou site is the first grave excavated in Xigou site, and it is also one of the few late large-scale tombs excavated by the whole Hongshankou-Shirenzigou site group. Its burial form and burial custom reflect the special funeral customs of nomadic people. The exquisite burial objects unearthed from the tombs provide new information for the study of the cultural exchange of the ancient nomadic nationalities in the East Tianshan region. Based on the detailed arrangement of archaeological excavations, archaeological typology, archaeological cultural factors and comparison of archaeological cultural factors in Xigou site, this paper preliminarily determines that the main cultural characteristics of the tombs, such as the sealing of stone, the burial of outer coffins, the disturbance of burial, and so on, belong to the Xiongnu. In the north side of the tomb, some factors, such as martyrdom, tiger shape, pan sheep shape, Griffin shape, etc., come from Bazireke culture in Altai area, and the tombs belong to Xiongnu. In the process of rising and expanding, the Xiongnu continued to carry out ethnic and cultural integration among the minority tribes in Gan Qing, Altai and other areas, which resulted in its burial form, burial customs and burial objects containing various cultural factors. The cultural features of the tombs reflected by tomb No. 1 at Xigou site are the portrayal of this historical background.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K878.8

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