两周秦汉玉覆面研究

发布时间：2018-10-07 21:09

【摘要】：本文的研究对象是出土的两周秦汉时期的玉覆面,以及与它相关的一系列问题的探讨。正文共分成了五个部分:绪论。首先叙述了本文的选题意义。在此基础上,对目前有关玉覆面以及与之相关的玉器研究概况进行了介绍,并对前人的研究成果进行了总结,分析了其中存在的不足,最后介绍了本文的研究方法和相关概念的界定。第一章是考古发现的两周至秦汉时期玉覆面概况。首先是对两周时期玉覆面的出土进行了概述,西周时期主要以列表的形式介绍了以张家坡西周墓地、山西晋候墓地、三门峡虢国墓地、绛县横水西周墓、黄堆老堡子西周墓地所出玉覆面。东周时期则主要介绍了洛阳凯旋路南东周墓地、洛阳西工区、洛阳中州路两周墓地、苏州真山D9M1、山西临猗程村、山西曲沃曲村M5227、湖北荆州秦家山墓地M2等墓地所出玉覆面。其次是对西汉时期所出玉覆面的墓地进行了概述,这些-墓地主要为:徐州子房山墓地、徐州后楼山墓地、徐州奎山M1 1S、徐州小长山汉墓M4、山东双乳山M1、建湖县沿岗地区M13、辽宁普兰店姜屯汉墓M45等。第二章是两周至秦汉玉覆面的考古学研究。首先是对两周时期玉覆面做了类型学划分A、B、C、D四大类型,即A型简单五官型、B型脸部轮廓型、C型两鬓两腮型、D型面具型。A型简单五官型和B型脸部轮廓型玉覆面的面部有无额际面饰可将其分为两个亚型。A型简单五官型,Aa型分为两式,Ⅱ式比Ⅰ式更为精致形象。Ab型未分式它与Aa型最主要差别是额际有额际面饰。B型脸部轮廓型,Ba型玉覆面有轮廓,但无额际面饰。Bb型玉覆面有额际面饰,依据轮廓数量分为两式。C型两鬓两腮型,依据两鬓、额际面饰和五官等部位的不同变化,大体可以分成四式。总结这些变化大体是组成玉覆面的玉片越来越形象化和动物化。D型面具型在此时期只出现一型。秦汉时期D型面具型出现了又一亚型。此时期新出现E型玉衣面罩型,此型分为两式。在类型学划分基础上对两周秦汉时期玉覆面分期和发展脉络问题进行研究。玉覆面发展分为四个时期:西周中期至春秋早期、春秋中晚期、战国时期和西汉时期。第三章是相关问题探讨。从玉覆面看两周时期区域文化交流和玉覆面的传承以及根据玉覆面来探讨两周秦汉时期的葬玉等级差别问题。结语。总结归纳了上述所有内容和遗留问题。
[Abstract]:The object of this paper is the jade-covered face of the two-week Qin-Han period unearthed, and a series of problems related to it. The text is divided into five parts: introduction. First of all, the significance of this paper is described. On the basis of this, the current research situation of jade covering and related jade articles is introduced, and the research results of predecessors are summarized, and the shortcomings are analyzed. Finally, this paper introduces the research methods and the definition of related concepts. The first chapter is a survey of the two weeks of archaeological discovery to the period of Qin and Han dynasties. First of all, it summarizes the unearthed jade covering in the two-week period. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, it mainly introduces Zhangjiapo Western Zhou Cemetery, Shanxi Jinwei Cemetery, Sanmenxia Guo State Cemetery, Jianghengshui Western Zhou Tomb, and Jianghengshui Western Zhou Tomb in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Huangdui Laobao Zi Western Zhou cemetery out of the jade covered. During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the author mainly introduced the jade covering of the cemeteries of Luoyang Kaixuan Road, Luoyang Xigong District, Luoyang Zhongzhou Road, Suzhou Zhenshan D9M1, Linyi Cheng Village, Shanxi Quwo qu Village M5227, Qinjiashan Cemetery M2, Jingzhou, Hubei Province. The second part is an overview of the jade covered graveyard in the Western Han Dynasty. These cemeteries are mainly: Xuzhou Zifangshan Cemetery, Xuzhou Houloshan Cemetery, Xuzhou Kuishan M1 1S, Xuzhou Xiaochang Mountain Han Tomb M4, Shandong Shuangrushan M1, Jianhu County Yangang area M13, Liaoning Plantan Jiangtun Han Tomb M45, etc. The second chapter is the archaeological study of jade covering from two weeks to Qin and Han dynasties. First of all, the paper classifies the four types of Jade cover in two weeks by typology. That is, A type simple facial contour type, B facial contour type, C type, two sideburns, two cheeks, two Mask types, A type simple facial mask, A type simple facial feature type and B type face contour type jade covering face, the facial interfacial ornaments can be divided into two subtypes, I. e., A type, simple five features type A type and A type, which can be divided into two types. The most important difference between the two types and Aa type is that the frontal-interfacial decoration. B type face silhouette has contour, but there is no frontal-interfacial decoration .Bb type jade covering has interfrontal decoration. According to the number of contours, it can be divided into two types. C type, sideburns and gills. According to the different changes of temples, interfrontal ornaments and facial features, it can be divided into four types. To sum up these changes, there is only one type of mask type D in this period, which is composed of jade sheet more and more visualized and animalized. During the Qin and Han dynasties, another subtype of D mask appeared. In this period, E-type jade mask is emerging, which can be divided into two types. Based on the classification of typology, this paper studies the classification and development of jade cover in two weeks, Qin and Han dynasties. The development of jade mulch can be divided into four periods: from the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Spring and Autumn period, from the late Spring and Autumn period to the warring States period and the Western Han Dynasty. The third chapter is the related question discussion. From the point of view of the regional cultural exchange and the inheritance of the jade covering in the two weeks, the paper discusses the grade difference of the buried jade in the two weeks, Qin and Han dynasties. Conclusion Summarized and summarized all the above contents and legacy problems.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K876.8

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