古代壁画中胶结材料的高效液相色谱测定法研究
发布时间：2018-11-05 10:41
【摘要】：胶结材料是一种广泛存在于古代壁画和彩绘文物中的绘画材料,它的主要作用是调和颜料与水的互溶性,增强颜料与墙壁的内聚力,保护壁画外衣不受损害,同时使得壁画色彩鲜明,历久不变。胶结材料主要包括动物胶,植物胶及油脂类胶。植物胶的主要成分是多糖类碳水化合物,是由植物的茎,杆等的分泌物经加工提炼制得；动物胶的主要成分是高分子蛋白质,是由动物皮,骨,角,血液等熬制。古代文物中以动物胶的应用最广。色谱法在胶结材料测定研究中的应用较为广泛,其原理是根据不同动物胶中氨基酸的组成及比例不同,因此可将已知胶作为对照品,测出其氨基酸组成和比例,然后用同样的方法测出胶结材料的氨基酸组成及比例,通过比较得出胶结材料的来源。本文通过总结前人研究成果,认为不同蛋白质中氨基酸的序列不同,因此可根据Edman降解测出各种已知胶和样品中胶结材料的氨基酸序列,将二者进行比较得出胶结材料的来源。在探索新方法之前,先用两种经典的液相色谱法对同种胶结材料的来源做了探索,再将其与Edman降解所得结果对比,以验证Edman降解的准确性。内容分为五章。 绪论。通过查阅大量文献,论述了胶结材料的性质,来源,测定方法,总结了前人工作的优点,提出了其研究中的不足,阐述了本文的研究内容和创新点。 异硫氰酸苯酯柱前衍生法测定胶结材料的成分研究。用经典的异硫氰酸苯酯柱前衍生法测定了3种动物皮骨胶和鸡蛋胶,分别得出了其氨基酸组成和比例,同时测定了两种文物样品中胶结材料的氨基酸组成和比例,经对比,确定其为动物胶。 邻苯二甲醛柱前衍生法测定胶结材料的成分研究。用经典的邻苯二甲醛柱前衍生法将上述样品和标准品重新测定,得出同样的结论。 Edman降解法在胶结材料测定中的初步探索。用Edman降解法测定了2种动物皮胶的氨基酸序列(前7个),得出了不同皮胶的氨基酸序列差异,但在文物测定时没有取得预期的结果,论述了Edman(?)解不能用于胶结材料分析的原因。
[Abstract]:The cementing material is a kind of painting material widely existing in ancient murals and painted cultural relics. Its main function is to reconcile the solubility of pigment and water, to enhance the cohesion of pigment and wall, and to protect the mural coat from being damaged. At the same time make the fresco color bright, long-lasting unchanged. Cementing materials mainly include animal gum, plant gum and grease glue. The main component of plant gum is carbohydrate, which is made from the secretion of plant stem, etc. The main component of animal gum is high molecular protein, which is made from animal skin, bone, horn, blood and so on. Among the ancient cultural relics, animal glue is the most widely used. Chromatography is widely used in the determination of cementing materials. The principle is that the amino acid composition and proportion in different animal gum are different, so the known glue can be used as a reference substance to determine the amino acid composition and proportion. Then the amino acid composition and proportion of the cementing material were measured by the same method, and the source of the cementing material was obtained by comparison. In this paper, we conclude that the amino acid sequences in different proteins are different, so we can detect the amino acid sequences of various known glue and cementing materials according to Edman degradation, and compare the two kinds of amino acid sequences to obtain the source of cementing materials. Before exploring the new method, two kinds of classical liquid chromatography were used to explore the origin of the same cementing material, and then compared with the results of Edman degradation to verify the accuracy of Edman degradation. The content is divided into five chapters. Introduction By consulting a large number of literatures, the properties, sources and measuring methods of cementing materials are discussed, the advantages of previous work are summarized, the shortcomings of their research are put forward, and the research contents and innovations of this paper are expounded. Study on the determination of the composition of cementing material by pre-column Derivatization of Phenyl isothiocyanate. Three kinds of animal skin bone glue and egg gum were determined by classical precolumn derivatization method. The composition and proportion of amino acids were obtained, and the amino acid composition and proportion of cementing materials in two kinds of cultural relics were determined. It is determined to be animal glue. Study on the determination of the composition of cementing material by pre-column derivatization of phthalaldehyde. The above samples and standard samples were redetermined by the classical precolumn derivatization method of phthalaldehyde, and the same conclusion was obtained. Preliminary exploration of Edman degradation method in the determination of cementing materials. The amino acid sequences of two kinds of animal skin gum (the first 7) were determined by Edman degradation method. The amino acid sequence differences of different skin gum were obtained, but the expected results were not obtained in the determination of cultural relic, and the Edman (?) The reason why the solution cannot be used in the analysis of cementing materials.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K879.4;O657.72
本文编号：2311811
[Abstract]:The cementing material is a kind of painting material widely existing in ancient murals and painted cultural relics. Its main function is to reconcile the solubility of pigment and water, to enhance the cohesion of pigment and wall, and to protect the mural coat from being damaged. At the same time make the fresco color bright, long-lasting unchanged. Cementing materials mainly include animal gum, plant gum and grease glue. The main component of plant gum is carbohydrate, which is made from the secretion of plant stem, etc. The main component of animal gum is high molecular protein, which is made from animal skin, bone, horn, blood and so on. Among the ancient cultural relics, animal glue is the most widely used. Chromatography is widely used in the determination of cementing materials. The principle is that the amino acid composition and proportion in different animal gum are different, so the known glue can be used as a reference substance to determine the amino acid composition and proportion. Then the amino acid composition and proportion of the cementing material were measured by the same method, and the source of the cementing material was obtained by comparison. In this paper, we conclude that the amino acid sequences in different proteins are different, so we can detect the amino acid sequences of various known glue and cementing materials according to Edman degradation, and compare the two kinds of amino acid sequences to obtain the source of cementing materials. Before exploring the new method, two kinds of classical liquid chromatography were used to explore the origin of the same cementing material, and then compared with the results of Edman degradation to verify the accuracy of Edman degradation. The content is divided into five chapters. Introduction By consulting a large number of literatures, the properties, sources and measuring methods of cementing materials are discussed, the advantages of previous work are summarized, the shortcomings of their research are put forward, and the research contents and innovations of this paper are expounded. Study on the determination of the composition of cementing material by pre-column Derivatization of Phenyl isothiocyanate. Three kinds of animal skin bone glue and egg gum were determined by classical precolumn derivatization method. The composition and proportion of amino acids were obtained, and the amino acid composition and proportion of cementing materials in two kinds of cultural relics were determined. It is determined to be animal glue. Study on the determination of the composition of cementing material by pre-column derivatization of phthalaldehyde. The above samples and standard samples were redetermined by the classical precolumn derivatization method of phthalaldehyde, and the same conclusion was obtained. Preliminary exploration of Edman degradation method in the determination of cementing materials. The amino acid sequences of two kinds of animal skin gum (the first 7) were determined by Edman degradation method. The amino acid sequence differences of different skin gum were obtained, but the expected results were not obtained in the determination of cultural relic, and the Edman (?) The reason why the solution cannot be used in the analysis of cementing materials.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K879.4;O657.72
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