河南舞阳贾湖遗址出土石器的微痕分析
发布时间：2018-11-19 19:44
【摘要】：石器作为人类物质文化的记录者,在史前人类的生产生活中占据着重要地位,对石器功能和使用方式的探讨是考古学关注的问题之一。目前国内石器研究的主要手段是从器物形态出发,进行类型学的研究,针对石器具体功能及使用方式的实证研究较为缺乏,对磨制石器的研究尤为不足。有鉴于此,本研究以中原地区舞阳贾湖遗址出土的磨制石器为研究对象,利用微痕分析和实验考古的方法,对石器的功能、使用方式及加工对象进行分析和判断。结果表明:石镰的主要功能是收割禾本科植物;石刀主要用于加工禾本科植物、木材和兽骨等;石斧的功能主要是加工木材,另外还可能承担加工兽皮和兽骨的工作;石锛的主要功能与木作有关;石凿在形态上有所区别,但其加工对象主要是木材;石铲的功能以掘土为主。微痕分析的结果使我们对贾湖聚落磨制石器的功能有了客观的认识,可以看出石器的功能并不单一,广泛存在着"一器多用"的现象。本研究从石器使用的角度,揭示了史前人类的生产活动和行为特点,同时也为研究先民的生业经济状况提供了重要材料。
[Abstract]:Stone tools, as a recorder of human material culture, occupy an important position in the production and life of prehistoric human beings. The discussion on the function and use of stone tools is one of the problems that archaeology pays close attention to. At present, the main means of stone research in China is to carry out typology research from the shape of objects. The empirical study on specific function and usage of stone tools is lacking, especially in the study of grinding stone tools. In view of this, this study takes the grinding stone tools unearthed from Jia-hu site of Wuyang in the Central Plains as the research object, and analyzes and judges the function, use mode and processing objects of the stone tools by using micro-mark analysis and experimental archaeological methods. The results show that the main function of stone sickle is to harvest Gramineae plants, the stone knife is mainly used to process gramineous plants, wood and animal bones, the function of stone axe is mainly to process wood, in addition, it may also undertake the work of processing animal skins and bones. The main function of stone adze is related to woodwork, the shape of stone chisel is different, but its processing object is mainly wood, and the function of stone shovel is to dig earth. The result of micro-mark analysis makes us have an objective understanding of the function of the stone tools in Jia-hu settlement. It can be seen that the function of stone tools is not single, and there is a phenomenon of "one tool with multiple uses". From the perspective of stone tools, this study reveals the characteristics of prehistoric human production and behavior, and provides important materials for the study of the living and economic status of the ancestors.
【作者单位】： 中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2015CB953800) 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41472148) 中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(2017T100456)共同资助
【分类号】：K876.2
本文编号：2343248
[Abstract]:Stone tools, as a recorder of human material culture, occupy an important position in the production and life of prehistoric human beings. The discussion on the function and use of stone tools is one of the problems that archaeology pays close attention to. At present, the main means of stone research in China is to carry out typology research from the shape of objects. The empirical study on specific function and usage of stone tools is lacking, especially in the study of grinding stone tools. In view of this, this study takes the grinding stone tools unearthed from Jia-hu site of Wuyang in the Central Plains as the research object, and analyzes and judges the function, use mode and processing objects of the stone tools by using micro-mark analysis and experimental archaeological methods. The results show that the main function of stone sickle is to harvest Gramineae plants, the stone knife is mainly used to process gramineous plants, wood and animal bones, the function of stone axe is mainly to process wood, in addition, it may also undertake the work of processing animal skins and bones. The main function of stone adze is related to woodwork, the shape of stone chisel is different, but its processing object is mainly wood, and the function of stone shovel is to dig earth. The result of micro-mark analysis makes us have an objective understanding of the function of the stone tools in Jia-hu settlement. It can be seen that the function of stone tools is not single, and there is a phenomenon of "one tool with multiple uses". From the perspective of stone tools, this study reveals the characteristics of prehistoric human production and behavior, and provides important materials for the study of the living and economic status of the ancestors.
【作者单位】： 中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2015CB953800) 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41472148) 中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(2017T100456)共同资助
【分类号】：K876.2
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1 崔启龙;;磨制石器使用痕迹初探[J];金田;2013年04期
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