战国楚简所见疾病的预防与治疗研究

发布时间：2018-11-26 19:20

【摘要】：本文从战国楚简入手,运用文化人类学、文献学、历史学、考古学等学科的研究理论和方法,通过对战国楚简中疾病简所反映的楚人疾病的分析和考察,力求揭示这一时期楚人疾病的原因、防治的手段与方法。全文主要有以下五部分组成：第一部分,绪论。主要就本文的选题缘由及意义、研究不足、研究现状、研究难点、方法及拟创新点等问题作了交代。首先,本文的选题缘由及意义,即从出土文献入手、借助人类学的相关理论对战国时期楚人疾病的防治进行探讨,以弥补以往学界因传世文献史料记载不足而对这一时期楚人疾病防治研究不够深入的现状,还可以拓宽研究的视野；其次,从考古学、带考释性质的研究、疾病的综合研究以及传世文献中楚人疾病的研究方面回顾了前辈学者的研究成果,找到本文研究的视角；最后,简单地介绍了研究的难点、方法和拟创新点。第二部分,有关战国疾病简的概述及病名和楚人疾病的特点。这部分由三个小节组成：首先,对出土的战国楚简中涉及疾病的简帛进行简单的介绍,并且列举一两个与疾病有关的事例；其次,辑出病名及其相应的病症、简号、所在简的类型,然后对病名进行疏证；最后,总结出楚人疾病的特点。第三部分,战国楚简中疾病的病因分析。从出土文献和传世文献中的相关记载及论述,以及人类学等理论对疾病原因的分析,可以得知楚人的疾病主要有以下几个方面原因：鬼神作祟、气候致疾、饮食致疾、战争致疾、其他因素等。最后,还对疾病的病因进行小结,并简单地回顾了鬼神作祟、瘴气说、胎毒说等疾病观。第四部分,战国楚简中疾病的防治。这是本文的核心部分,由五个小节组成。首先,卜筮仪式,从对疾病病因的询问、对病情趋势的预测和对疾病结果的贞问三个方面进行论述；其次,祭祷仪式,从(?)祷、(?)祷、赛祷三个方面进行论述；再次,巫术禳治,先对巫觋与巫术的概念、关系进行了界定及说明,然后就巫术如何防治疾病的手段与方式进行重点论述,有攻解、攻除和盟诅；接着就是巫术医疗,先回顾了先秦时期的巫医关系,然后介绍了战国时期楚地的巫医关系,再就是对楚简所反映的医疗巫术的论述；最后,对疾病其他防治方式的简单介绍。第五部分,结语。这一部分旨在综上所述,予以总结。对全文主要内容作简要总结,并指出日后研究的主要方向。
[Abstract]:This paper begins with Chu slips of warring States, applies the theories and methods of cultural anthropology, philology, history, archaeology, and so on, and analyzes and inspects the diseases of Chu people reflected in the disease slips of Chu slips in warring States. In order to reveal the causes of disease, prevention and treatment of Chu people in this period. The full text has the following five parts: the first part, introduction. In this paper, the reason and significance of this topic, the lack of research, research status, research difficulties, methods and quasi-innovation points are explained. First of all, the reason and significance of this paper, that is, from the unearthed literature, with the help of anthropological theory of the prevention and treatment of Chu people in the warring States period, In order to make up for the lack of historical records in the past academic circles to this period of Chu people disease prevention and control of the current situation can also broaden the research field of vision; Secondly, from the aspects of archaeology, the research of textual research, the comprehensive study of disease and the research of Chu people's disease in the literature, the author reviews the research achievements of the predecessors and finds out the perspective of this study. Finally, the paper briefly introduces the research difficulties, methods and quasi-innovation points. The second part, about warring States period disease brief outline and disease name and Chu people disease characteristic. This part is composed of three subsections: first, the unearthed bamboo slips of the warring States period Chu Dynasty are briefly introduced, and one or two examples related to diseases are listed. Secondly, the name of the disease and its corresponding disease, simple number, where the type of Jane, and then the name of the disease is sparse; finally, summed up the characteristics of the disease of Chu people. The third part, the disease cause analysis in the warring States period Chu Bamboo slips. From the relevant records and expositions in the unearthed and handed down documents, as well as the analysis of the causes of the diseases in anthropology and other theories, we can see that the diseases of the Chu people are mainly caused by the following reasons: the haunting of ghosts, the illness caused by climate, the disease caused by diet, War sickness, other factors, etc Finally, the etiology of the disease is summarized, and a brief review of diseases such as ghosts, miasma theory, fetal poison theory and so on. The fourth part, the prevention and cure of disease in Chu Bamboo slips of warring States period. This is the core part of this article, which consists of five sections. First of all, divination ceremony, from the disease causes of inquiry, the prediction of disease trends and the outcome of the disease of the three aspects of the discussion; secondly, the ceremony of prayer, from (?) Prayer, (?) Thirdly, the author defines and explains the concept and relationship between wizard and witchcraft, and then focuses on the means and methods of how witchcraft can prevent and cure diseases. Then there is the medicine of witchcraft, first reviewing the relationship between witchcraft and medicine in the pre-Qin period, then introducing the relationship between witchcraft and medicine in Chu area during the warring States period, and then discussing the medical witchcraft reflected by Chu bamboo slips; finally, a brief introduction to other ways of preventing and treating diseases. The fifth part, conclusion. This part aims to sum up the above. This paper briefly summarizes the main contents of the paper and points out the main research directions in the future.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R-092;K877.5

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