贵州传统村落文化遗产利用的多中心治理研究

发布时间：2019-01-07 16:22

【摘要】：传统村落历经农耕文明,在历史的积淀中传承了无数的文化遗产。在工业化、城镇化背景下,很多传统村落出现衰败迹象,甚至面临生存的危机。探索如何合理利用传统村落文化遗产,是促进传统村落可持续发展的良好途径。对传统村落文化遗产的利用主要涉及技术和管理两个层面的研究,技术层面主要是涉及如何使文化遗产的利用方式更加多元化,管理层面则从对文化遗产利用方式的运作及管理角度去研究其中的治理机制。本文主要基于后者,从公共管理理论的视角,采用文献研究法、实地调查法、案例研究法,以贵州传统村落的发展实践为依托,对文化遗产利用问题的运作和管理进行研究。贵州传统村落数量在全国靠前,重视对传统村落文化遗产的利用并拥有了一定的治理经验及特点。从江县侗族村落的稻鱼鸭产业发展模式、腾讯公益基金等第三部门在黎平县铜关村发起的“为村”计划,是贵州利用文化遗产发展传统村落的良好借鉴。同时,贵州传统村落文化遗产利用过程中存在的问题是:传统村落文化遗产利用方式的单一化、雷同化;政府、开发商与村民之间的利益博弈;文化遗产开发经费的不足;文化遗产利用管理模式的不健全。传统治理机制中,地方政府仍是唯一的治理中心,这难以避免在传统村落文化遗产的利用过程中出现政府失败、市场失灵以及社区治理不成熟等问题。奥斯特罗姆为代表的制度分析学派提出了多中心治理理论,该理论打破了以往政府-市场的二维思维框架模式,强调在政府干预和市场机制调节的基础上,引入与传统村落相关的其他主体,包括社区、村民、社会力量等,构建一种适用于传统村落文化遗产利用的协同治理机制。在政府、社会、市场三个运作机制层面,除了扮演好各自的治理角色外,还需要加强协同。一个系统而完整的治理机制可以对传统村落资源的利用过程进行有效组织管理与调配监督。
[Abstract]:Through farming civilization, traditional villages have inherited countless cultural heritage in the accumulation of history. Under the background of industrialization and urbanization, many traditional villages show signs of decay and even face the crisis of survival. It is a good way to promote the sustainable development of traditional villages to explore how to make rational use of the cultural heritage of traditional villages. The use of traditional village cultural heritage mainly involves two aspects: technology and management. The technical aspect is mainly concerned with how to make the use of cultural heritage more diversified. At the management level, the governance mechanism is studied from the perspective of the operation and management of the utilization of cultural heritage. Based on the latter, this paper, from the perspective of public management theory, uses the methods of literature research, field investigation and case study to study the operation and management of the utilization of cultural heritage based on the development and practice of the traditional villages in Guizhou. The number of traditional villages in Guizhou is in the front of the whole country. It pays attention to the utilization of the cultural heritage of the traditional villages and has certain experience and characteristics of governance. The development model of rice, fish and duck industry in Dong nationality villages in Congjiang County, and the "Village for Village" program initiated by the third department of Tencent Public Welfare Fund in Tongguancun, Liping County, are good references for Guizhou to develop traditional villages with cultural heritage. At the same time, the problems existing in the process of cultural heritage utilization in Guizhou traditional villages are: unifying and homogenization of the traditional village cultural heritage utilization mode, the benefit game between the government, developers and villagers, the shortage of funds for the development of cultural heritage; The unsound management mode of cultural heritage utilization. In the traditional governance mechanism, the local government is still the only governance center, which is difficult to avoid the problems of government failure, market failure and immature community governance in the process of traditional village cultural heritage utilization. The institutional analysis school represented by Ostrom puts forward the theory of multi-center governance, which breaks the two-dimension thinking frame of government and market, and emphasizes on the basis of government intervention and market mechanism regulation. By introducing other subjects related to traditional villages, including community, villagers, social forces and so on, a cooperative governance mechanism suitable for the utilization of cultural heritage of traditional villages is constructed. In the government, society, market three operating mechanisms, in addition to play their respective governance role, but also need to strengthen coordination. A systematic and complete governance mechanism can effectively organize and manage and supervise the utilization of traditional village resources.
【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K878

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