豫东地区夏商时代文化研究

发布时间：2019-01-12 13:48

【摘要】： 豫东地区考古学文化自发现以来一直备受学界的关注,而这一地区夏商时期的考古学文化更是关注的焦点。此前,学界已涌现出许多有关豫东地区考古学文化的研究成果,尤其是近年新的发现和研究成果,为深入、全面研究豫东地区考古学文化奠定了基础。本文在前人研究的基础上,运用文化因素分析法、类型学、地层学及“多重证据法”等考古学方法,充分吸收新的考古发现和研究成果,对豫东地区考古学文化进行综合分析研究。全文共分为五部分,包括绪论、遗址介绍、考古学文化遗存分析、各文化之间的关系、反映的历史问题。文章认为,在夏商时代,豫东地区曾分布着二里头文化、岳石文化、下七垣文化、二里岗文化、殷墟文化等五种考古学文化。这五种考古学文化均与各自中心地区的考古学文化相似,但又有其自身的特点。其中二里头文化可以分为四期,岳石文化可以分为三期,两者的起始年代大体相当,并形成一种东、西对峙关系,但两者之间也有一些文化交流。到了二里头文化晚期,下七垣文化发展到这一地区,与岳石文化并存,并与二里头文化形成对峙关系,并有所交流。下七垣文化可分两期,约相当于二里头文化的三、四期。进入二里岗文化阶段以后,下七垣文化和二里头文化均消失,而岳石文化仍然分布于该地区。到二里岗文化四期之时,二里岗文化东扩,但只占据了豫东地区西部,岳石文化仍在此延续,两者之间也是一种对峙和交流关系。进入殷墟文化二期之时,殷墟文化已占据了豫东地区的全部范围,岳石文化在该地区基本消失。豫东地区考古学文化的面貌和相互关系,反映一定的史实。夏王朝早期势力较弱,且与东夷族关系修好,中期之时夏王朝开始向四周扩展,其中东扩至豫东地区西部地区。夏王朝晚期,商族开始南下,并与东夷族形成联盟关系,共同抵抗夏王朝。商王朝建立以后,因与东夷族有联盟关系一直没有东扩,至中丁之时,开始东扩,但没有完全控制豫东地区,直到武丁之后才完成东扩。
[Abstract]:Since the discovery of archaeological culture in the eastern part of Henan Province, the archaeological culture in this area has been paid more attention to by scholars, and the archaeological culture in this area during the Xia and Shang dynasties is the focus of attention. Before that, many research results about archaeological culture in eastern Henan have emerged, especially the new discoveries and research results in recent years, which have laid the foundation for a thorough and comprehensive study of archaeological culture in eastern Henan. On the basis of previous studies, this paper uses cultural factor analysis, typology, stratigraphy and "multiple evidence method" to fully absorb new archaeological discoveries and research results. This paper makes a comprehensive analysis and research on the archaeological culture in the eastern part of Henan Province. The full text is divided into five parts, including introduction, site introduction, archaeological cultural remains analysis, the relationship between different cultures, reflecting the historical problems. This paper holds that in the Xia and Shang dynasties, there were five archaeological cultures in the eastern part of Henan Province, such as Erlitou culture, Yue Shi culture, Xia-Qiyuan culture, Erligang culture and Yin ruins culture. These five archaeological cultures are similar to the archaeological cultures in their respective central regions, but have their own characteristics. Erlitou culture can be divided into four periods and Yueshi culture can be divided into three periods. The beginning of the two cultures is roughly the same and forms a relationship between east and west, but there are also some cultural exchanges between the two. In the late period of Erlitou culture, the culture of the lower seven walls developed to this area, and co-existed with the culture of Yue Shi, and formed a confrontation relationship with the culture of Erlitou, and some exchanges were made. The next seven-yuan culture can be divided into two stages, about the equivalent of Erlitou culture three, four. After entering the stage of Erligang culture, the lower Qiyuan culture and Erlitou culture disappeared, while the Yueshi culture was still distributed in the area. By the time of the fourth period of Erligang culture, Erligang culture expanded eastward, but only occupied the western part of Henan Province. The Yueshi culture continued here, and the relationship between them was also a kind of confrontation and exchange. When entering the second phase of Yin ruins culture, Yin ruins culture occupied the whole area of eastern Henan, and Yue Shi culture basically disappeared in this area. The appearance and relationship of archaeological culture in eastern Henan reflect certain historical facts. In the early period of the Xia Dynasty, the power was weak and the relations with the Dongyi ethnic group were amicable. In the middle of the period, the Xia Dynasty began to expand to the surrounding areas, including the eastern part of Henan Province and the western part of the region. In the late Xia Dynasty, the Shang nationality began to go south and formed an alliance with the Dongyi people to resist the Xia Dynasty. After the establishment of the Shang Dynasty, there was no eastward expansion because of the alliance with the Dongyi ethnic group, but it began to expand eastward until the time of the middle Ding, but it did not complete the eastward expansion until after Wuding.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K871

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