商周青铜器上凤鸟纹研究
发布时间：2019-04-01 11:14
【摘要】：凤鸟纹是中国古代装饰艺术十分重要的一种纹样,众多文献史料表明,商族的图腾是鸟,西周祖先起源上有鸟的护佑,这些信息不仅为对于研究古代美术史、分期断代有重要意义,也为打开商周时期人们的精神世界的大门提供了重要线索,为研究当时社会的意识形态找到了依据,同时,更增加了凤鸟纹这个特殊纹饰在商周青铜器纹饰研究中的重要意义。 本文将利用图像学、考古类型学以及美术考古学的方法,收集整理商周青铜器上纹饰资料,寻找有关凤鸟纹的蛛丝马迹,从一个新的角度入手,重新阐释商代饕餮纹以及商周凤鸟纹的造型、类型、来源、发展、演变、内涵等相关问题,为研究商周社会文化、宗教信仰提供新的思路。本文通过对考古材料、古文字材料和文献材料的梳理,利用图像学的一些知识,对这一时期青铜器纹饰之凤鸟纹提出了一些新的想法,现将本文结论总结如下： 一、从商代青铜器纹饰本身出发,从对称性、鸟纹本身和主题花纹与辅助花纹三个方面入手,并以甲骨文材料、陶文材料、传世文献及其相关神话传说作为旁证,较为充分地证明了商代青铜器上一些具有鸟首和鸟身的饕餮纹,实为抽象的鸟纹。 二、对商周青铜器上凤鸟纹分期分型的再探讨,试将商周时期的凤鸟纹分为五期18型,通过重新分期,试图建立一套以凤鸟纹为参照的更为完整的分期断代标准。 三、通过从新对商代青铜器上饔餮纹的分型解读,把原来学者们认为商代青铜器上出现凤鸟纹的时间向上推至商代早期和中期,而不是传统上认为的商代晚期。并对商周青铜器上凤鸟纹的源流及演变进行探讨。 四、通过比较湖北盘龙城、新干大洋洲、三星堆、湖南地区等青铜器凤鸟纹装饰,探讨商周青铜器上凤鸟纹的内涵以及对商周社会的影响,认为凤鸟纹的内涵应为图腾象征,它作为同一装饰纹样,成为商周各地区政治文化认同的纽带。 五、利用相关文献及其考古材料,以凤鸟纹这一图腾因素作为旁证,从凤鸟纹的角度探索商族的起源问题。认为先商文化与以岳石文化为代表的东夷文化应该有所联系,在先商文化的研究上应该考虑东方的文化因素。
[Abstract]:Phoenix pattern is a very important pattern of decorative art in ancient China. Numerous documents and historical data show that the totem of Shang nationality is a bird, and the origin of the ancestors of the Western Zhou Dynasty is protected by birds. This information is not only for the study of ancient art history. Dating by stages is of great significance. It also provides an important clue for opening the door to the spiritual world of people in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, finding the basis for studying the ideology of the society at that time, and at the same time, It also increases the significance of this special pattern in the study of bronze ornaments in Shang and Zhou dynasties. This paper will use the methods of graphics, archeology and art archaeology to collect and sort out the data of the ornaments on bronze ware in Shang and Zhou dynasties, and to find out the clues about the Phoenix and bird patterns, starting from a new point of view. In order to provide a new idea for studying the social culture and religious belief of Shang and Zhou dynasties, this paper re-interprets the related problems of glutton grain in Shang Dynasty and Phoenix-bird pattern in Shang and Zhou dynasties, such as the shape, type, source, development, evolution, connotation and so on. By combing the archaeological materials, ancient writing materials and literature materials and using some knowledge of image science, this paper puts forward some new ideas on the Phoenix and bird patterns of bronze ornaments in this period. The conclusions of this paper are summarized as follows: first, the conclusion of this paper is as follows: 1. Starting from the bronze ornaments of the Shang Dynasty, starting from three aspects: symmetry, bird pattern itself, theme pattern and auxiliary pattern, and based on oracle bone material, pottery material, ancient literature and related myths and legends, It is proved that some gluttonous grain with bird head and bird body on bronze ware of Shang Dynasty is abstract bird grain. Second, on the stage classification of the Phoenix pattern on bronze ware in Shang and Zhou dynasties, this paper attempts to divide the Phoenix pattern in Shang and Zhou dynasties into five stages and 18 types. By re-staging, we try to establish a set of more complete criteria for staging and dating based on the Phoenix pattern. Third, through the classification and interpretation of the bronze grain on the bronze ware of the Shang Dynasty, the original scholars think that the time of the occurrence of the Phoenix pattern on the bronze ware of the Shang Dynasty was pushed up to the early and middle stages of the Shang Dynasty, rather than the late Shang Dynasty, which is traditionally thought to be the end of the Shang Dynasty. The origin and evolution of the Phoenix pattern on bronze ware in Shang and Zhou dynasties were also discussed. Fourthly, by comparing the decoration of Bronze Phoenix pattern in Panlong City, Xingan Oceania, Sanxingdui and Hunan Province, this paper discusses the connotation of Phoenix pattern on Bronze ware in Shang and Zhou dynasties and its influence on the society of Shang and Zhou dynasties, and thinks that the connotation of Phoenix pattern should be a totem symbol. As the same decorative pattern, it became the link of political and cultural identity in various regions of Shang and Zhou dynasties. Fifthly, the origin of Shang nationality is explored from the angle of Phoenix pattern by using the relevant literature and archaeological materials, and taking the totem factor of Phoenix pattern as a side evidence. It is believed that the culture of pre-Shang and Dongyi culture represented by Yueshi culture should be related, and the cultural factors of the East should be taken into account in the study of pre-Shang culture.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K876.41
本文编号：2451508
[Abstract]:Phoenix pattern is a very important pattern of decorative art in ancient China. Numerous documents and historical data show that the totem of Shang nationality is a bird, and the origin of the ancestors of the Western Zhou Dynasty is protected by birds. This information is not only for the study of ancient art history. Dating by stages is of great significance. It also provides an important clue for opening the door to the spiritual world of people in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, finding the basis for studying the ideology of the society at that time, and at the same time, It also increases the significance of this special pattern in the study of bronze ornaments in Shang and Zhou dynasties. This paper will use the methods of graphics, archeology and art archaeology to collect and sort out the data of the ornaments on bronze ware in Shang and Zhou dynasties, and to find out the clues about the Phoenix and bird patterns, starting from a new point of view. In order to provide a new idea for studying the social culture and religious belief of Shang and Zhou dynasties, this paper re-interprets the related problems of glutton grain in Shang Dynasty and Phoenix-bird pattern in Shang and Zhou dynasties, such as the shape, type, source, development, evolution, connotation and so on. By combing the archaeological materials, ancient writing materials and literature materials and using some knowledge of image science, this paper puts forward some new ideas on the Phoenix and bird patterns of bronze ornaments in this period. The conclusions of this paper are summarized as follows: first, the conclusion of this paper is as follows: 1. Starting from the bronze ornaments of the Shang Dynasty, starting from three aspects: symmetry, bird pattern itself, theme pattern and auxiliary pattern, and based on oracle bone material, pottery material, ancient literature and related myths and legends, It is proved that some gluttonous grain with bird head and bird body on bronze ware of Shang Dynasty is abstract bird grain. Second, on the stage classification of the Phoenix pattern on bronze ware in Shang and Zhou dynasties, this paper attempts to divide the Phoenix pattern in Shang and Zhou dynasties into five stages and 18 types. By re-staging, we try to establish a set of more complete criteria for staging and dating based on the Phoenix pattern. Third, through the classification and interpretation of the bronze grain on the bronze ware of the Shang Dynasty, the original scholars think that the time of the occurrence of the Phoenix pattern on the bronze ware of the Shang Dynasty was pushed up to the early and middle stages of the Shang Dynasty, rather than the late Shang Dynasty, which is traditionally thought to be the end of the Shang Dynasty. The origin and evolution of the Phoenix pattern on bronze ware in Shang and Zhou dynasties were also discussed. Fourthly, by comparing the decoration of Bronze Phoenix pattern in Panlong City, Xingan Oceania, Sanxingdui and Hunan Province, this paper discusses the connotation of Phoenix pattern on Bronze ware in Shang and Zhou dynasties and its influence on the society of Shang and Zhou dynasties, and thinks that the connotation of Phoenix pattern should be a totem symbol. As the same decorative pattern, it became the link of political and cultural identity in various regions of Shang and Zhou dynasties. Fifthly, the origin of Shang nationality is explored from the angle of Phoenix pattern by using the relevant literature and archaeological materials, and taking the totem factor of Phoenix pattern as a side evidence. It is believed that the culture of pre-Shang and Dongyi culture represented by Yueshi culture should be related, and the cultural factors of the East should be taken into account in the study of pre-Shang culture.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K876.41
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 王军;鸟符号在中国绘画史中的演变研究[D];南昌大学;2012年
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