战国秦汉简帛文献所见医方研究

发布时间：2019-04-30 18:54

【摘要】：本文通过对已出土的战国秦汉时期简帛医方文献进行整理,从简帛医方的医疗内容、医疗方法、药物使用、医疗宜忌等方面对简帛医方进行了详细的分析,使我们能够从简帛医方这个侧面管窥此一时期中国医学发展的一些情况。全文共分为五个部分,如下：第一部分：该部分对本文的选题意义进行了简要概述,对简帛医方文献内容及其研究现状做了归纳整理,并简单介绍了本文的研究目的及方法,最后对简帛医方文献的年代作了断定,确定本文研究的时间跨度为战国至东汉末期之间。第二部分：该部分以简帛医方的医疗内容为研究对象。通过对简帛医方的梳理可以看出,战国秦汉时期中医的医疗内容已经形成了一个以疾病类、创伤类、保健类为一体的医疗体系。其中,疾病类包括内科疾病、外科疾病、皮肤科疾病、儿科疾病、妇科疾病、五官科疾病、心理精神疾病、传染疾病,以及其他疾病类型；创伤类包括金刃创伤、火烧创伤、动物创伤,以及其他创伤；保健类包括养生保健、生育保健、出行保健类。第三部分：该部分以简帛医方的医疗方法为研究对象。通过对简帛医方的梳理可以看出,战国秦汉时期中医的疗法有医学疗法、巫术疗法、巫医并用疗法三种。医学疗法包括药食内服疗法、药物外用疗法、外科疗法和其他疗法,已经形成了内治法、外治法、内外治法等相结合的医疗方法体系。巫术疗法虽然形式多样,但其本质仍然是巫术行为仪式和口头仪式在医疗领域的运用。巫医并用疗法基本上是巫术疗法和医学疗法的结合使用。第四部分：该部分以简帛医方的药物使用为研究对象。通过对简帛医方的梳理可以看出,战国秦汉时期的人们对于药物的认识和使用,不但涉及医学类药物中的植物类、动物类、矿物类药物,还涉及食物类、器物类以及巫术类药物。同时,通过对此时期简帛医方药物配伍演进的分析,认为此时期人们对药物和剂量的运用日趋熟练,至东汉时期已经完全掌握了药物的配伍法则。第五部分：该部分首先对简帛医方疗疾时所遵循的治疗宜忌进行了分析,这些宜忌涉及时间、地点、方位、饮食等方面。其中,医学疗疾遵循的宜忌更多体现在服药时间、药物采集时间、药物炮制时间、饮食宜忌和房事宜忌等方面,巫术疗疾遵循的宜忌更多体现在疗疾时选择的特定时候、方位、地点、勿顾等方面。然后,对简帛医方的疗效进行了简要分析,认为中医有效医方的形成,是经历漫长实践经验的积累才形成的,中医医方的经验性特点非常鲜明。
[Abstract]:In this paper, through unearthed medical literature in the warring States, Qin and Han dynasties, this paper analyzes the medical prescription in detail from the aspects of its medical contents, medical methods, drug use, medical benefits, and so on, which have been unearthed in the warring States period, the Qin and Han dynasties, and so on. So that we can see some of the development of Chinese medicine in this period from the medical side. The full text is divided into five parts, as follows: the first part: this part gives a brief overview of the significance of this paper, summarizes the literature content and research status quo of Jianyu Medical prescription, and briefly introduces the research purpose and method of this paper, and makes a brief introduction to the research purpose and method of this paper. At the end of this paper, the age of the literature is determined, and the time span of this study is from warring States period to the end of Eastern Han Dynasty. The second part: this part takes the medical content of the simple and silk medicine as the research object. It can be seen that the medical contents of TCM in warring States, Qin and Han dynasties have formed a medical system based on disease, trauma and health care. Among them, diseases include internal diseases, surgical diseases, dermatological diseases, paediatric diseases, gynecological diseases, facial diseases, mental and mental diseases, infectious diseases, and other types of diseases; Trauma categories include blade trauma, fire trauma, animal trauma, and other trauma; health care category includes health care, reproductive health care, travel health care category. The third part: this part takes the medical treatment method of the simple silk medicine as the research object. It can be seen that there are medical therapy, witchcraft therapy and witchcraft therapy in warring States, Qin and Han dynasties. Medical therapy, including internal medicine, external drug therapy, surgical therapy and other therapies, has formed a combination of internal, external, internal and external treatment of the medical method system. Although there are many forms of witchcraft therapy, its essence is the use of witchcraft rituals and oral rituals in the medical field. Witchcraft combined therapy is basically a combination of witchcraft therapy and medical therapy. The fourth part: this part takes the medicine use of the simple silk medicine as the research object. It can be seen that people's understanding and use of drugs in the warring States, Qin and Han dynasties involved not only plants, animals, mineral drugs, but also food, in medical medicine. Utensils and witchcraft drugs. At the same time, through the analysis of the evolution of drug compatibility in this period, it is concluded that the use of drugs and doses is becoming more and more skilled in this period, and the compatibility rules of drugs have been fully mastered in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Part V: the first part of the treatment of Chien silk medicine to follow the analysis of the treatment of disease, which involves the time, location, diet and other aspects. Among them, the appropriate taboos that medical diseases follow are more embodied in the time of taking medicine, the time of collecting drugs, the time of processing drugs, the time of diet and room, and so on, and the proper taboos followed by witchcraft are more embodied in the specific time and orientation of the treatment of diseases. Place, don't worry about, etc. Then, a brief analysis of the curative effect of the prescription is carried out, and it is concluded that the formation of the effective prescription of traditional Chinese medicine is formed only through the accumulation of long practical experience, and the empirical characteristics of the prescription of traditional Chinese medicine are very distinct.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R2-09;K877

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