英雄与坟墓—从希腊坟墓标识物到文艺复兴教皇陵

发布时间：2019-07-01 19:21

【摘要】：在古希腊漫长而复杂的历史变迁中,对武力的崇尚和对英雄的赞美始终是希腊文化中的一个核心问题。作为半神的英雄是人的世界与神的世界的交会点,而英雄的坟墓则是人实现身份转换的重要场所。坟冢之上耸立的坟墓标识物/陵墓纪念碑是葬礼中物质性的一部分,在仪式结束后仍会留存下来供后人顶礼膜拜,成为永恒精神的象征。尽管古希腊各时期、各地区、各阶层在葬仪和坟墓样式上不尽相同,但献给英雄的丧葬纪念物却拥有相对稳定的发展线索:公元前8世纪坟墓标识物首次出现,经过陶制容器、浮雕墓碑,逐渐发展为华丽的建筑式陵墓,以致一千多年后,当陵墓纪念碑再次成为艺术赞助的焦点时,希腊英雄祠的身影在米开朗基罗为尤利乌斯二世设计的教皇陵上重现。
[Abstract]:In the long and complex historical changes of ancient Greece, the worship of force and the praise of heroes have always been a core issue in Greek culture. As a hero of demigod, it is the meeting point between the world of man and the world of God, and the grave of hero is an important place for man to realize the transformation of identity. The grave logo / mausoleum monument above the grave is a material part of the funeral and will remain after the ceremony for future generations to worship and become a symbol of eternal spirit. Although the ancient Greece, different regions, different strata in the funeral instruments and grave styles are different, but dedicated to the hero of the funeral memorial has a relatively stable clue to the development of the first appearance of the eighth century BC grave signs, through pottery containers, relief tombstones, gradually developed into gorgeous architectural mausoleum, so that more than a thousand years later, when the mausoleum monument once again became the focus of artistic sponsorship, the first time, after pottery containers, relief tombstones, gradually developed into a magnificent architectural mausoleum, so that more than a thousand years later, when the mausoleum monument once again became the focus of artistic sponsorship, The Greek Hall of Heroes was recreated on the Pope Mausoleum designed by Michelangelo for Julius II.
【作者单位】：北方工业大学艺术学院;
【基金】：北京高校“青年英才计划”阶段成果,项目编号14076
【分类号】：K86

【共引文献】