明清上海士人家庭生育情况探析——以明清墓志为中心的考察
发布时间：2019-07-30 11:19
【摘要】：墓志从最初用来记事和标识墓地的实用文字发展演变为一种纪实、颂美兼备的文体,自魏晋南北朝以来一直受到士人群体的青睐,成为丧祭礼仪必备之物。传统墓志对世系记述的要求,加之传统社会对生育的重视,使得墓志成为我们了解古人家庭生育状况的很好资料。明清时期上海士人家庭中男女综合平均生育子女数为3.3,其中男性平均生育子女数为4.28,女性平均生育子女数为2.75。士人作为传统社会中的中上阶层,受儒家"传宗接代"、"多子多福"观念的影响,生育意愿积极,上海所属的吴地还衍生出"五男二女"的理想生育习俗,而实际生育水平与生育意愿还是存在较大的差距。
[Abstract]:Epitaph has been favored by scholars since Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties, and has become a necessary thing for funeral etiquette since the development of practical characters originally used to remember and mark cemeteries into a kind of documentary and beautiful style. The requirements of traditional epitaph for pedigree description, coupled with the importance attached to fertility in traditional society, make epitaph become a good data for us to understand the fertility status of ancient families. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the average number of children born to men and women in Shanghai scholar families was 3.3, in which the average number of children born to men was 4.28, and the average number of children born to women was 2.75. Scholars, as the middle and upper strata in the traditional society, were influenced by the Confucian concept of "inheritance" and "many children and many blessings" and had a positive willingness to have children. Wu Di, to which Shanghai belongs, also gave rise to the ideal fertility custom of "five men and two women", but there was still a big gap between the actual fertility level and the fertility willingness.
【作者单位】： 上海社会科学院;
【分类号】：K248;K877.45
，
本文编号：2520867
[Abstract]:Epitaph has been favored by scholars since Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties, and has become a necessary thing for funeral etiquette since the development of practical characters originally used to remember and mark cemeteries into a kind of documentary and beautiful style. The requirements of traditional epitaph for pedigree description, coupled with the importance attached to fertility in traditional society, make epitaph become a good data for us to understand the fertility status of ancient families. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the average number of children born to men and women in Shanghai scholar families was 3.3, in which the average number of children born to men was 4.28, and the average number of children born to women was 2.75. Scholars, as the middle and upper strata in the traditional society, were influenced by the Confucian concept of "inheritance" and "many children and many blessings" and had a positive willingness to have children. Wu Di, to which Shanghai belongs, also gave rise to the ideal fertility custom of "five men and two women", but there was still a big gap between the actual fertility level and the fertility willingness.
【作者单位】： 上海社会科学院;
【分类号】：K248;K877.45
，
本文编号：2520867
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