马克思恩格斯生态权益思想研究

发布时间：2018-02-01 00:28

本文关键词： 马克思恩格斯生态权益思想生态问题　出处：《苏州大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：公民的生态权益与经济权益、政治权益、文化权益、社会权益等多种权益-样,是人权的重要组成部分和重要内容,与人们的生活密切相关,是人的自由而全面发展的重要条件。人类的生存和发展须臾离不开自然环境,人与自然和谐相处,是人类社会可持续发展的基础。生态环境具有公共性,涉及地球上几乎所有人的利益,一旦被破坏,人类的生存和发展将成为无源之水、无本之木,整个社会也将没有未来。马克思恩格斯的生态权益思想,是运用唯物史观说明自然发展规律、社会发展规律的重要理论学说,彰显了马克思主义的生态话语权,凸显了人类生态安全的战略价值,是指导当代中国推进生态文明建设的思想武器,有利于促进现代社会生态人的成长和生态文明社会的构建。生态权益思想是马克思恩格斯生态理论与人学理论的重要组成部分,研究生态理论离不开对生态权益的探讨。生态权益是马克思恩格斯非常关注和致力研究的问题,尽管在马克思恩格斯的著作中没有明确提出“生态权益”的概念,但是他们在诸多论著中都包含着丰富的关于人类特别是无产阶级和广大劳动人民生态权益保护的思想,摆脱自然压迫和社会压迫,达到人与自然的和解以及人与社会的和解,是他们创建科学社会主义理论的重要价值指向。马克思恩格斯生态权益思想的形成建立在他们对工人阶级悲惨境况的关怀和对资本主义制度痼疾的深刻揭露以及对生态权益重大价值敏锐洞察的基础上。马克思恩格斯生态权益思想的立论基点是人不应该成为生态的破坏者,而应成为生态的珍惜者、维护者、享受者。研究文明作为一个对抗的过程中的人与自然的关系是马克思恩格斯生态权益思想的重要内容。人的权益和自然权益是统一的,要坚持生态正义,在认识和把握自然规律中维护和发展人的生态权益,反对和批判人类中心主义,做良好生态环境的建构者。马克思恩格斯生态权益思想指出了人类生态权益被破坏的制度根源。生态灾难是资本主义造成的普遍现象,工业的资本主义性质和资本主义的反生态本质以及资本主义社会里城市和乡村的对立导致的城乡生态对立,破坏了生态环境,侵犯了无产阶级和广大劳动人民的生态权益。与资本主义相比,共产主义社会在维护和实现人的生态权益上具有无可比拟的优越性,共产主义社会才能从根本上解决人的生态权益实现的问题。
[Abstract]:The ecological rights and interests of citizens and economic rights and interests, political rights and interests, cultural rights and interests, social rights and interests are important components and important content of human rights, and closely related to people's lives. Human survival and development can not be separated from the natural environment. Harmony between human and nature is the basis of sustainable development of human society. Ecological environment has a public nature. Involving the interests of almost all people on the earth, once destroyed, the survival and development of mankind will become the water of no source, no wood, the whole society will have no future. Marx and Engels' ecological rights and interests thought. It is the important theory of using historical materialism to explain the law of natural development and the law of social development, to highlight the ecological discourse right of Marxism, and to highlight the strategic value of human ecological security. It is the ideological weapon to guide the construction of ecological civilization in contemporary China, which is helpful to promote the growth of ecological people and the construction of ecological civilization in modern society. The thought of ecological rights and interests is an important part of Marx and Engels' ecological theory and human theory. The study of ecological theory is inseparable from the discussion of ecological rights and interests, which Marx and Engels pay close attention to and devote themselves to. Although the concept of "ecological rights" is not clearly put forward in Marx and Engels' works. However, in many works, they all contain rich ideas about the protection of the ecological rights and interests of human beings, especially the proletariat and the working people, and get rid of the natural oppression and social oppression. To achieve reconciliation between man and nature and between man and society is the important value direction of their theory of scientific socialism. The formation of Marx and Engels' thought of ecological rights and interests is based on their concern for the tragic situation of the working class, their deep exposure to the chronic diseases of the capitalist system and their keen insight into the great value of ecological rights and interests. The basic point of Engels' thought of ecological rights and interests is that man should not be the destroyer of ecology. It should be the treasurer and defender of ecology. The study of the relationship between man and nature in the process of civilization as a confrontation is an important content of Marx and Engels' thought of ecological rights and interests. The rights and interests of human beings and the rights of nature are unified, and ecological justice should be adhered to. In understanding and grasping the laws of nature, we should safeguard and develop the ecological rights and interests of human beings, and oppose and criticize anthropocentrism. As the constructor of good ecological environment, Marx and Engels' ecological rights and interests thought pointed out the system root of human ecological rights and interests being destroyed. Ecological disaster is a universal phenomenon caused by capitalism. The capitalist nature of industry, the anti-ecological nature of capitalism and the urban and rural ecological antagonism in capitalist society have destroyed the ecological environment. It infringes on the ecological rights and interests of the proletariat and the working people. Compared with capitalism, the communist society has unparalleled advantages in safeguarding and realizing the ecological rights and interests of human beings. Only in communist society can people's ecological rights and interests be fundamentally solved.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X2;A811

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