论马克思的正义观及其当代意义

发布时间：2018-02-09 20:05

本文关键词： 马克思正义观社会主义和谐社会基石　出处：《湖南师范大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 实现正义是人们一直孜孜以求的价值目标,是人类永恒的崇高理想和最高价值,在人们不断追求正义的过程中,形成了各种不同的正义观。柏拉图、亚里士多德、康德、黑格尔等的正义观建立在唯心史观基础之上,马克思的正义观是对西方法哲学思想的继承和发展,它以科学的唯物史观为基础,批判地吸收了自然法学派和德国近代哲理法学派的若干重要观点,并与工人阶级的革命斗争实践紧密结合,从人的社会本质或社会化的人出发来研究社会历史和正义道德问题,从而形成了科学的正义观。马克思正义观的基本内容主要表现为价值正义和制度正义两部分。马克思的价值正义是建立在历史唯物主义的基础之上;是一个历史范畴,随着历史的发展而不断改变,在阶级社会里,具有鲜明的阶级性。马克思的制度正义具体表现在经济制度正义、政治制度正义和文化制度正义三个方面。其中,经济制度正义又集中地表现为生产正义、交换正义、分配正义和消费正义四个方面。马克思的正义观与那种抽象的正义观根本不同,它具有革命性、批判性和科学性的特点。其科学性具体表现在正义是绝对性与相对性的统一、实质正义与形式正义的统一、个人利益与社会利益的统一、人道主义与自然主义的统一、理想性与现实性的统一五个方面。马克思正义观的实质就在于对一定社会生产方式要求的适应,从而最终真正实现人的平等与自由。马克思的正义观对当代正义思想,如中国的邓小平、江泽民、胡锦涛,西方的沃德、布坎南、罗尔斯等都产生了深远的影响。和谐社会的本质就是一个正义的社会,马克思的正义观对建构中国特色社会主义和谐社会正义观的理论体系具有重要的世界观和方法论意义,是构建社会主义和谐社会的基石。
[Abstract]:The realization of justice is the value goal that people have been striving for all the time. It is the eternal lofty ideal and highest value of mankind. In the process of people pursuing justice continuously, various kinds of justice views have been formed. Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Hegel's view of justice is based on the idealistic view of history, and Marx's view of justice is the inheritance and development of western philosophy of law, which is based on scientific historical materialism. It critically absorbs some important viewpoints of the School of Natural Law and the School of Modern German philosophy and Law, and closely combines with the revolutionary struggle practice of the working class to study social history and justice and morality from the point of view of the nature of human society or the socialized person. Thus formed a scientific view of justice. The basic content of Marx's view of justice is mainly manifested in two parts: value justice and system justice. Marx's value justice is based on historical materialism, and it is a historical category, which is constantly changing with the development of history. In class society, there is a distinct class nature. Marx's system justice is embodied in three aspects: economic institutional justice, political institutional justice and cultural institutional justice. Exchange justice, distributive justice and consumer justice. Marx's view of justice is fundamentally different from that of the abstract view of justice. It is revolutionary. The scientific nature of justice is the unity of absoluteness and relativity, the unity of substantive justice and formal justice, the unity of personal interests and social interests, and the unity of humanitarianism and naturalism. The essence of Marx's view of justice lies in the adaptation to the requirements of a certain social mode of production so as to finally realize the equality and freedom of human beings. Marx's view of justice has exerted a profound influence on contemporary justice thoughts, such as Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, Ward, Buchanan and Rawls of the West. The essence of a harmonious society is a just society. Marx's view of justice has important world outlook and methodology significance for constructing the theory system of socialist harmonious society with Chinese characteristics. It is the foundation stone of constructing socialist harmonious society.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：A811;B03

【引证文献】