五四前后李大钊政治思想演变研究

发布时间：2018-02-20 01:02

本文关键词： 李大钊民主主义者马克思主义者思想演变　出处：《辽宁大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着五四运动的蓬勃发展，李大钊的政治思想从民主主义走向马克思主义。考察五四前后李大钊思想转变的轨迹，可以看出，李大钊思想的转变是一个复杂而渐进的历史过程，是由于各种因素的相互作用，才最终促成李大钊成为一名真正的马克思主义者。十月革命的胜利为中国带来了马克主义，马克思主义作为崭新的社会思潮传入中国，1919年，席卷中国的五四狂飙激荡着人们的思想，这些都是李大钊思想转变的客观条件。同时李大钊始终与人民群众站在一起，则是其思想转变的主观因素，五四运动的锤炼使李大钊的思想更加成熟。五四运动之前，李大钊还是一个激进的民主主义者，随着十月革命的爆发，马克思主义传入中国之后，李大钊逐渐抛弃民主主义而选择马克思主义，最终成为一名坚定的马克思主义者。作为一个激进的民主主义者，李大钊提倡自由、反对帝国主义、倡导立宪政治。李大钊当时的思想有其进步意义，虽然其思想还没有完全成体系，还有很多不全面的地方，但为其以后成为坚定的马克思主义者奠定了坚实的基础。到了第二个阶段，李大钊开始逐渐抛弃民主主义而接受马克思主义。在这一阶段，是李大钊思想转变比较复杂的时期，思想中出现了矛盾的特点，主要表现为既坚持历史唯物主义，又主张人道主义。李大钊在研究、学习马克思主义的过程中注重将马克思主义与中国革命实践相结合，并积极向工人和学生传播马克思主义，同非马克思主义学说进行辩论，积极筹备建党。1919年，李大钊发表了《我的马克思主义观》一文，，标志着李大钊已经树立起了坚定的马克思主义信仰并成为真正的马克思主义者。李大钊成为坚定的马克思主义者之后，由于受到客观环境和个人素质的影响，其思想还存在着一定的局限性，主要表现在：有过分重视资产阶级的倾向，对社会主义和共产主义的认识还有许多模糊的地方。但是不可否认，李大钊的政治思想的转变，给中国社会带来了巨大影响，加速了中国共产党的成立，开创了马克思主义中国化的先河，对中国特色现代化进行了有益探索。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of the May 4th Movement, Li Dazhao's political thought moved from democracy to Marxism. After examining the track of the ideological transformation of Li Dazhao before and after the May 4th Movement, we can see that the ideological transformation of Li Dazhao is a complicated and gradual historical process. Because of the interaction of various factors, Li Dazhao finally became a true Marxist. The victory of the October Revolution brought Mark Doctrine to China. Marxism was introduced into China as a new social trend of thought. In 1919, the May fourth Movement, which swept through China, stormed people's minds. These are all the objective conditions for Li Dazhao's ideological transformation. At the same time, Li Dazhao always stands with the masses and is a subjective factor in his ideological transformation. The May 4th Movement has matured Li Dazhao's thinking. Before the May 4th Movement, Li Dazhao was also a radical Democrat. With the outbreak of the October Revolution and the introduction of Marxism into China, Li Dazhao gradually abandoned democracy and chose Marxism. Finally, he became a firm Marxist. As a radical Democrat, Li Dazhao advocated freedom, opposed imperialism, and advocated constitutional politics. Li Dazhao's thought at that time had its own progressive significance. Although his ideas have not yet been completely systematized and there are still many imperfections, they have laid a solid foundation for him to become a staunch Marxist in the future. Li Dazhao began gradually to abandon democracy and accept Marxism. At this stage, it was a period of complicated ideological transformation of Li Dazhao, in which contradictions emerged, mainly manifested in the adherence to historical materialism. Li Dazhao also advocated humanitarianism. In the course of studying and studying Marxism, Li Dazhao paid attention to integrating Marxism with the practice of the Chinese revolution, actively spreading Marxism to workers and students, and debating with non-Marxist doctrines. In 1919, Li Dazhao published his essay "my View of Marxism", which indicated that Li Dazhao had established a firm belief in Marxism and became a true Marxist. After Li Dazhao became a staunch Marxist, because of the influence of objective environment and personal quality, his thoughts still had some limitations, mainly manifested in the tendency to attach too much importance to the bourgeoisie. There are still many ambiguities in the understanding of socialism and communism. But there is no denying that the transformation of Li Dazhao's political ideology has had a great impact on Chinese society and accelerated the establishment of the Communist Party of China. It creates the first step of Marxism in China and explores the modernization with Chinese characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D25

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