马克思恩格斯弱势群体思想研究与当代意义

发布时间：2018-02-20 02:57

本文关键词： 马克思恩格斯弱势群体和谐社会　出处：《重庆大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：理论研究总是为了解决现实社会问题而进行的。弱势群体问题是每个时代每个社会都普遍存在的现象，对它的研究也未曾间断。在中国以“公有制为主体多种所有制经济共同发展”的大背景下，经济随着技术的进步在快速增长，社会阶层出现不同层次的分化，社会问题也变得复杂化。马克思主义的诞生，为科学探究弱势群体问题提供了正确的世界观和方法论，为弱势群体问题的解决提供了坚实的理论基础。在马克思主义关于弱势群体问题的探索中，马克思主义创始人马克思恩格斯的弱势群体理论是宝贵的思想资源，但学术界对此研究还是比较缺乏。基于此，本文立足于马克思恩格斯的原论，通过系统挖掘和梳理马克思恩格斯的弱势群体思想，，为我国弱势群体思想的发展与处理现实问题提供理论基础和方法指导。马克思恩格斯弱势群体思想在19世纪欧洲特定的社会条件下，在资本主义的发展与内在矛盾中凸显出来，在马克思恩格斯弱势群体思想的形成与发展中，1842-1843年马克思在莱茵报工作期间对贫苦农民利益遭受侵害的声讨，成为马克思恩格斯弱势群体思想萌芽阶段。在他们后继著作中分别对无产阶级的现状和产生原因都进行了大量的阐释，以唯物辩证和历史唯物的逻辑视角对资本主义社会压迫人的恶行进行披露，以哲学、政治经济学、科学社会主义为理论体从人的尊严与基本权利、平等与自由、公平分配等方面进行了辩护，揭示资产阶级的残酷压迫并进行严厉的批判。本文对马克思恩格斯弱势群体思想的探究主要是通过他们的经典理论：分配理论、贫困理论和阶级斗争理论这三大理论进行查考，从基础经济领域和上层建筑领域分别对无产阶级的物质生活和精神生活遭受的痛苦进行剖析，分析导致无产阶级沦为弱势群体的过程原因，找出改变弱势群体处境的路径，使马克思恩格斯弱势群体思想能够很好的得以展现主来。理论的研究在于对现实问题的解决，马克思恩格斯弱势群体思想为我国当前的社会弱势群体现状和存在问题做了很好的指引。面对现阶段我国的基本国情，深入我国政治、经济、文化内部，对社会结构进行深入解析，用辩证的视角去处理和协调社会群体间的矛盾，马克思恩格斯的弱势群体思想为我们提供了科学的分析准则和解决路径，对我国构建和谐社会群体关系、建设社会主义和谐社会具有重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:Theoretical research is always carried out to solve real social problems. The problem of vulnerable groups is a common phenomenon in every society in every era. The research on it has not been interrupted. Under the background of the common development of China's economy with "public ownership as the main body and various forms of ownership", the economy is growing rapidly with the progress of technology, and the social strata are divided at different levels. Social problems have also become more complicated. The birth of Marxism provides a correct world outlook and methodology for the scientific exploration of the problem of the vulnerable group, and provides a solid theoretical basis for the solution of the problem of the vulnerable group. Marxist founder Marx and Engels' theory of vulnerable groups is a valuable ideological resource, but the academic circles still lack of research on it. Based on this, this paper is based on Marx and Engels' original theory. Through the systematic excavation and combing Marx and Engels' weak group thought, In 19th century, Marx and Engels' weak group thought was highlighted in the development and internal contradiction of capitalism under the specific social conditions in Europe. In the formation and development of Marx and Engels' idea of vulnerable groups, Marx criticized the interests of poor peasants during his work in Rhine from 1842 to 1843. It became the embryonic stage of Marx and Engels' thought of vulnerable groups. In their subsequent works, they explained the present situation of proletariat and the causes of proletariat. From the perspective of materialistic dialectical and historical materialistic logic, this paper reveals the evil behavior of capitalist society that oppresses people, and takes philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism as the theoretical body from the view of human dignity and basic rights, equality and freedom. Fair distribution and other aspects of the defense, revealed the cruel oppression of the bourgeoisie and severe criticism. The research of Marx and Engels' weak group thought is mainly based on their classical theories: distribution theory, poverty theory and class struggle theory. This paper analyzes the suffering of the proletariat's material life and spiritual life from the basic economic field and the superstructure field, analyzes the process reasons leading to the proletariat becoming a weak group, and finds out the way to change the situation of the vulnerable group. So that Marx and Engels weak group thought can be very good to show the main. The theoretical research lies in the solution of practical problems. Marx and Engels' idea of vulnerable groups has made a good guide for the current situation and existing problems of the social vulnerable groups in our country. In the face of the current basic situation of our country, we have penetrated into the politics of our country. Inside the economy and culture, the social structure is deeply analyzed, and the contradiction among the social groups is dealt with and coordinated from the dialectical perspective. Marx and Engels' thought of the weak group provides us with scientific analysis criteria and solutions. It is of great practical significance to build a harmonious social group relationship and a socialist harmonious society in our country.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D632.1;A811

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