马克思的利益观及其当代价值

发布时间：2018-02-26 20:23

本文关键词： 马克思利益观历史唯物主义当代价值　出处：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：利益问题是社会发展中存在的根本问题,人们对利益的追求是人类生存需要的根本。利益观是随着国家整体意识形态的变化而变化,更是由社会物质的生产力和生产关系所决定的。马克思指出:“人们奋斗所争取的一切,都同他们的利益有关”。马克思把利益的话题看作人类的核心话题。利益是社会发展的动力,社会的发展又决定着利益观的形成,二者相互作用。马克思先前众多的利益思想对利益的认识都有其独特的一面,也在当时特定环境下为社会稳定、进步发挥了重要的指导作用,但是,这些利益思想还往往只停留在定义和范畴层次,马克思基于当时的种种社会矛盾现象的分析,把对利益的研究由感性上升到理性的水平,得出了历史唯物主义的利益观。全面、深刻地研究马克思的利益观对协调各种利益矛盾,构建和谐社会具有重要意义。本文意在对马克思利益观作出进一步的研究,阐明马克思利益观的思想渊源和形成轨迹,阐述马克思利益观的基本内容和当代价值,并以马克思利益观为指导,解决我国社会发展中出现的各种利益矛盾和问题,构建中国特色的和谐社会关系。本文除引言和结论外包括四个部分内容。第一部分,梳理马克思利益观的思想渊源。对马克思以前的利益思想进行考察,主要阐述了爱尔维修的利益思想、亚当.斯密的利益思想、斯宾诺莎的利益思想、霍布斯的利益思想,阐述利益范畴的历史演变以及不同的利益思想在当时历史条件下的价值及贡献,形成对利益概念的一般认识,为研究马克思利益观的形成提供思想资料。第二部分,阐述马克思利益观的形成轨迹。首先,阐述了马克思世界观和政治立场转变时期的利益观。主要有:《青年在选择职业时的考虑》——朦胧时期的理想利益观;《关于林木盗窃法的辩论》——转变时期对私人利益观的批判;其次,阐述了马克思世界观和政治立场转变完成时期的利益观。主要包括:《神圣家族》——对唯心主义利益观的论战;《德意志意识形态》——历史唯物主义利益观的形成;《资本论》——历史唯物主义利益观的完善。第三部分,阐述马克思利益观主要内容。立足于马克思经典文本,挖掘马克思思想中有关利益思想的细枝末节,全面认识马克思的利益观。一是,马克思利益观的立足点和前提:“现实的人”的需要是马克思利益观的立足点;物质生产是马克思利益观的前提。二是,马克思利益观中利益的基础地位:利益是唯物史观的出发点;利益是社会基本矛盾运动的潜在推动力;利益是阶级、国家与社会革命产生的重要依据。第四部分,阐述马克思利益观的当代价值。首先,阐述了马克思利益观对构建和谐社会中利益协调的重要指导意义,包括对构建个人自身的和谐、人与社会之间的和谐以及对人与自然的和谐的指导意义。其次,阐述了马克思利益观对全面深化改革中解决贫富差距和干部与群众的矛盾有重要启示。
[Abstract]:The problem of interest is the fundamental problems in the development of society, people's pursuit of interest is the basic human survival needs. Interest is the change in the overall national ideology, is decided by the social material productive forces and production relations. Marx pointed out: "people are fighting for everything, all the same their interests. Marx put the interests of the topic as the core topic of mankind. Interest is the motive force of social development, the formation of social development decides the concept of interests, interaction between the two. Marx had many interests to the interests of the ideology has its unique side, also in that specific environment for social stability progress, play a guiding role, but important, these interests thought often remain in the definition and category level, Marx analysis of various social contradictions phenomenon at that time based on the Study on benefit from perceptual to rational level, the historical materialism interests view. Comprehensive, in-depth study of Marx's concept of interests to harmonize all kinds of conflicts of interest, the importance of building a harmonious society. This paper is intended to make a further study on Marx interests, clarify the thought origin of Marx view of interests and the formation of the trajectory this paper expounds the basic content of Marx's interest, view and contemporary values, and the Marx interests concept as a guide to resolve various contradictions and problems in China's social development, constructing the harmonious social relations Chinese characteristics. In this paper, except the introduction and the conclusion consists of four parts. The first part, the thought origin of Marx sort of interests study on. Marx's previous interests thought, mainly expounds the Helvetius benefit thinking, Adam Smith's thought of Spinoza's interest, interest Yi thought, the interests of Hobbes thought, elaborates the historical evolution of the interest category and different interests of thought in the value and contribution of historical conditions at that time, the formation of general understanding of the concept of interest, to provide ideas for the formation of Marx's concept of the interests. The second part expounds the formation path of Marx interests. Firstly, expounds the period transformation of Marx's world outlook and political stand interests. Mainly include: - > ideal period of view consider "the interests of the hazy youth in the choice of occupation; < > debate on the tree theft Law -- during the transition period of criticism on the view of private interests; secondly, expounds the transformation of Marx's world outlook and political position to finish the interest period view. Including: < Holy Family - > debate on idealism view of interest;" German Ideology > form historical materialism Interests View on capital - > <; Perfect the historical materialism interests view. The third part expounds Marx's concept of the interests of the main content. Based on Marx's classic text mining related interests in the thought of Marx Marx's comprehensive understanding of all the minor details and interests. One is Marx's concept of the interests of the starting point and premise: "real people" is the Marx concept of interests the foothold; material production is the premise of Marx's interests. The two is foundation of Marx's concept of the interests of interest: interest is the starting point of historical materialism; interest is the potential driving force of social basic contradiction; interest is an important basis for the revolutionary class, the state and society produce. The fourth part expounds the contemporary value of Marx the view of interests. Firstly, expounds Marx's view on the construction of an important guiding significance to the interests of coordination of interests in a harmonious society, including the construction of a harmonious individual, man and society Harmony between society and guidance for harmony between man and nature. Secondly, Marx's view of interest has important implications for solving the gap between the rich and the poor and the contradiction between cadres and the masses in the deepening of reform.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：A81;C914

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