从党建国体制到党治国体制再到党兴国体制:中国共产党治国理政新型体制的建构

发布时间：2018-04-26 19:22

本文选题：中国共产党 + 党治国体制　；参考：《行政论坛》2017年05期

【摘要】：在现代西方政治学知识体系中,早先源自古希腊对权力运行方式进行划分的多样化政体分类方式,经过有意识的改头换面,慢慢演化为民主体制与专制(威权)体制两种对立的政体类型判定方式与学术话语叙事模式,并武断地将共产党执政的国家划归为需要向民主体制转型的威权体制,造成目前学术界流行的西方政治学理论无以解释当代中国发展的困境,需要重新反思和系统重构。中国共产党将马克思列宁主义与近代中国实际相结合,走出一条"党建国体制"的新路。基于马克思主义关于社会主义政治制度体系的原则勾画、苏联政治体制的示范作用、国民党"党治国体制"的经验教训、中国共产党关于革命与建设的自我创造等综合因素,在执政党、国家政权机关与社会团体的关系建构方面,中国共产党形成并实行高度集权的党的一元化领导方式的"党治国体制"。由于执政党、国家政权机关与社会团体的功能不一,其所适应的法律与规范有别,如何规范三者彼此的关系,形成有序运作机制以及制度化运作模式,一直是"党治国体制"未能彻底解决的问题。改革开放近四十年来,中国共产党通过以责任、效率、理性与法治为核心的渐进式制度化改造与价值性建设,逐步实现了从"党治国体制"向"党兴国体制"的转型,而"两个一百年奋斗目标"和"全面深化改革的总目标"则标志"党兴国体制"的生成,其内涵为建构一个集基于发展目标的"发展—领导型体制"与基于实现发展目标的制度化运作模式的"使命—责任型体制"于一体的复合型体制。"党兴国体制"的有效运行,尚有赖于作为领导力量与主体建设力量兼具主体理性的使命型政党的理论创新与全面建构。
[Abstract]:In the knowledge system of modern western political science, the system of diverse regimes, which originated in ancient Greece in dividing the way power operates, has been consciously transformed. It gradually evolved into two opposite types of government, namely, democratic system and autocratic (authoritarian) system, and the narrative mode of academic discourse, and arbitrarily classified the ruling state of the Communist Party as an authoritarian system that needed to be transformed into a democratic system. As a result, the popular theories of western political science can not explain the predicament of the development of contemporary China, so we need to rethink and reconstruct the system. The Communist Party of China combines Marxism-Leninism with the reality of modern China. Based on the principles outlined by Marxism on the socialist political system, the exemplary role of the Soviet political system, the experience and lessons of the Kuomintang's "party governing system," and the Communist Party of China's self-creation of revolution and construction, and so on, In the construction of the relationship between the ruling party, the organs of state power and social organizations, the Communist Party of China forms and implements the "party governing system" of the highly centralized party's unified leadership style. Due to the different functions of the ruling party, the organs of state power and the social organizations, the laws and norms they adapt to are different. How to standardize the relations among the three parties, form an orderly operation mechanism and an institutionalized operation mode, It has always been a problem that the Party's governing system has failed to solve thoroughly. In the past forty years of reform and opening up, the Communist Party of China has gradually realized the transition from "party governing system" to "party rejuvenation system" through the gradual institutionalization transformation and value construction with responsibility, efficiency, rationality and rule of law as the core. The "two hundred years' goals" and "the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform" symbolize the emergence of the "Party's rejuvenation of the country" system. Its connotation is to construct a complex system of "development-leadership system" based on development goal and "mission-responsibility system" which is based on the institutionalized operation mode of realizing development goal. " The effective operation of the Party's system of rejuvenating the country still depends on the theoretical innovation and overall construction of the mission-oriented political party, which is both the leading force and the main body building force.
【作者单位】：复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“包容性公民文化权利视角下统筹城乡文化一体化发展新格局研究”(12&ZD021)
【分类号】：D25

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