奥康纳生态学马克思主义思想研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 00:46

本文选题：奥康纳 + 生态学马克思主义　；参考：《杭州电子科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：詹姆斯·奥康纳(James O’Conner)《资本主义、自然、社会主义》（一本社会主义生态学的期刊）的主编及合作创办人，“政治生态学研究中心”（位于加州，圣塔·克鲁斯）主任，是美国现代生态学马克思主义理论最具代表性人物之一。立足于前人的生态学马克思主义理论基础，在其著作《自然的理由》一书中，他从分析资本主义生产方式与生态危机之间的关系出发，提出了自己独特的观点，将社会劳动、自然、文化看作一个有机整体，重构了历史唯物主义，克服了传统历史唯物主义的单一决定论，拓展了马克思主义的理论思想。通过分析资本主义的生产方式与生态危机之间的关系，奥康纳提出了资本主义社会存在的双重矛盾，第一重矛盾是马克思所揭示的生产力与生产关系之间的矛盾，第二重矛盾是马克思所忽视的生产方式与生产条件之间的矛盾，，他指出这种矛盾将导致资本主义生态危机具有不可克服性，因为它存在于资本主义的本性之中。从这个角度出发，奥康纳分析认为导致资本主义生态危机出现的原因是资本主义的生产方式以及不平衡、联合的发展，并提出一种解决资本主义生态危机的构想——建立生态社会主义。尽管奥康纳生态学马克思主义理论尚存不足之处，但其理论独到的眼光、丰富的内涵仍然让我们耳目一新，使我们更加深入地了解了马克思主义在当代的发展方向。在对其理论进行了客观的评析后，我们发现，他的一些理论思想对我国的生态文明建设具有重要的启示意义，如我们应当坚定不移地走社会主义道路，避免“资本主义的生产方式”，构建新的生态生产方式，由“分配性正义”向“生产性正义”转变，积极促进社会公平与正义，坚决抵制“不平衡的、联合的发展”，引导人们实现消费生态化等等，这些理论观念是否具有现实意义是值得我们今后研究与探讨的。
[Abstract]:James O'Connor, "Capitalism, Nature, Socialism" (a journal of socialist ecology), editor-in-chief and co-founder, Director of the Center for political Ecology Research (Santa Cruz, California). American modern ecological Marxism theory is one of the most representative figures. Based on the previous ecological Marxism theory foundation, in his book "the reason of Nature", he put forward his own unique viewpoint from the analysis of the relationship between the capitalist mode of production and the ecological crisis, and put forward the social labor. Nature and culture, as an organic whole, reconstruct historical materialism, overcome the single determinism of traditional historical materialism, and expand Marxist theory. By analyzing the relationship between capitalist mode of production and ecological crisis, O'Connor puts forward the double contradiction in capitalist society. The first contradiction is the contradiction between productive forces and production relations revealed by Marx. The second contradiction is the contradiction between production mode and production conditions that Marx neglected. He points out that this contradiction will lead to the insurmountable nature of capitalist ecological crisis because it exists in the nature of capitalism. From this point of view, O'Connor 's analysis believes that the causes of the capitalist ecological crisis are the capitalist mode of production and the unbalanced and combined development of capitalism. And put forward a solution to the capitalist ecological crisis-to establish ecological socialism. Although O'Connor 's ecological Marxism theory still has some shortcomings, its original vision and rich connotation still make us fresh and fresh, and make us understand the direction of Marxism's development in the contemporary era. After an objective analysis of his theory, we find that some of his theoretical ideas have important implications for the construction of ecological civilization in China, such as we should unswervingly follow the socialist road. To avoid "capitalist mode of production", to construct a new ecological mode of production, to change from "distributive justice" to "productive justice", to actively promote social equity and justice, and to resolutely resist "unbalanced and United development." To guide people to realize ecological consumption and so on, whether these theoretical concepts have practical significance is worthy of our future study and discussion.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：X2;A811

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