马克思恩格斯德国统一思想研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 19:30

本文选题：马克思 + 恩格斯　；参考：《贵州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：十九世纪中期,德国实现了国家统一,这不仅符合德意志民族的根本利益,而且为日后德国的崛起创造了条件。马克思恩格斯对社会革命关注的同时,对德国统一问题也十分重视。对马恩关于德国统一思想的研究不仅有助于我们进一步认识马克思主义思想体系,还对实现中华民族的伟大复兴具有重要借鉴意义。目前,国内有关马恩德国统一思想的研究著作较少,因此,本文主要在搜集马恩原始文献的基础上提取出有关思想,并结合我国的具体实际,进而提出对我国的启示意义。本文主要分为三大部分:第一部分主要阐述了马恩德国统一思想提出的背景。其中,十九世纪中期欧洲资产阶级的壮大、经济的快速发展及民族意识的增强这些都是时代背景,而欧洲大陆民族矛盾的激化、分裂现实与统一愿望的矛盾突显则是民族背景,除此之外,马恩对自己祖国的热爱和一系列的爱国实践是个人背景。第二部分主要阐述了马恩德国统一思想的基本内容,首先是马恩有关统一历史条件的阐述,包括实现统一的必要性(主要是“经济上的必要”)、可能性(发达的经济、强大的军事实力、民族成分单一、俾斯麦的重要作用);其次是有关统一目标的阐述,即要求建立一个“统一的、不可分割的民主共和国”,这其中还包含了马恩有关大小德意志方案、中央与地方关系及政治体制上的主张;再次是有关统一策略的阐述,马恩关于统一的策略经历了从走公开革命的道路到承认王朝战争的转变;接下来是有关统一经过的阐述,这部分主要描述了马恩对待普丹战争、普奥战争及普法战争的基本态度;下面是有关统一重要标志的阐述,即马恩对于关税同盟的建立及《普国普通义务教育法》颁布的看法;最后是关于统一意义的阐述,马恩认为德国统一不仅能够促进经济快速发展、打破欧洲传统政局、实现国家崛起,还创造了国际合作的先决条件。第三部分主要是结合我国具体实际,提出了以下三方面启示:(一)反对联邦政体,完善中央集权(二)扫除贸易障碍,实行自由贸易(三)普及义务教育,实现人的发展。
[Abstract]:In the middle of the nineteenth century, Germany realized national unity, which not only conforms to the fundamental interests of the German nation, but also creates conditions for the rise of Germany in the future. While Marx and Engels paid close attention to the social revolution, they also attached great importance to the unification of Germany. The study of Marx's thought on German unification is not only helpful for us to further understand the Marxist thought system, but also has important reference significance for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. At present, there are few researches on the thought of German unification of Man in China. Therefore, based on the collection of the original literature, this paper extracts the relevant ideas, and combines the concrete practice of our country, and then puts forward the enlightenment significance to our country. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part mainly expounds the background of German unification thought. Among them, the enlargement of European bourgeoisie, the rapid development of economy and the enhancement of national consciousness in the middle of the 19th century are all the background of the times, while the intensification of the national contradictions in the European continent, the contradiction between the split reality and the unity desire is the national background. In addition, Man's love of his country and a series of patriotic practices is a personal background. The second part mainly expounds the basic content of the thought of German unification of Man. Firstly, it expounds the historical conditions of unification, including the necessity of realizing unification (mainly the necessity of economy) and the possibility (developed economy). Strong military strength, a single ethnic composition, and the important role of Bismarck, followed by the articulation of the goal of reunification, which calls for the establishment of a "unified and indivisible democratic republic", It also included the proposals of Marne on the German program, central and local relations, and the political system; and again, the elaboration of a unified strategy. Mann's strategy for unification underwent a transition from an open revolution to a war of recognition of the dynasty, followed by an elaboration of the course of unification, which mainly described the way in which Man treated the Pudan War. The basic attitude of the Pu-O War and the Pu-France War; the following is the elaboration of the important symbol of unification, that is, Man's views on the establishment of the Customs Union and the promulgation of the General compulsory Education Law of the country; and finally on the meaning of unification. Mann believes that German reunification not only can promote rapid economic development, break the traditional political situation in Europe, but also create a prerequisite for international cooperation. The third part mainly combines our country concrete reality, has proposed the following three aspects enlightenment: (1) opposes the federal government, consummates the centralization power (2) removes the trade barrier, implements the free trade (3) popularizes the compulsory education, realizes the human development.
【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：A811

【参考文献】