论儒家思想对马克思主义在中国发展的影响

发布时间：2018-06-25 23:26

本文选题：马克思主义 + 儒家思想　；参考：《湖南科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：儒家思想是一个博大精深，内涵极其丰富的思想体系，几千年来，它所倡导的“仁爱”，“民本”，“德治”等积极思想不仅有效地促进了社会的和谐和文化的繁荣，也使得很多中国人民初次接触马克思主义便很快找到了两者的契合点，从而在一定程度上促进了马克思主义在中国的传播与发展。比如新中国的制度建设与儒家思想所提倡的社会结构就有着难舍难分的关系；发展生产、追求小康、努力建设和谐社会的治国方略与儒家思想所强调的治国平天下的政治主张也具有深刻的一致性和承续性；而毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”等重要思想与儒家思想中的经世致用、实事求是、知行合一、民本务实思想更是有着密切的关联，可以说，马克思主义之所以能在中国发展壮大，儒家思想起到了至关重要的作用，马克思主义这种源自西方的学说之所以能成为当今中国社会的主流思想，也是因为它带有儒家思想的精髓，风格与色彩。儒家思想对马克思主义在中国的发展所产生的积极作用是不容置疑的，然而这种学说中的一些消极思想对马克思主义的影响亦不容忽视。首先，在社会发展观上，儒家不但不赞成积极的变革进取，反而要求恢复古制。这种消极的复古主张与马克思主义“与时俱进”的发展观显然是背道而驰的，既严重阻碍了中国社会进步的步伐，也是马克思主义在中国发展过程中的一块绊脚石。其次，儒家思想缺乏民主自由的精神，片面强调家族观念，集体利益，极大地束缚了人们个性的发展，这与马克思主义提倡个性自由，反对垄断，，坚决主张发展公有制经济的思想也是格格不入的。最后，其创始人孔子歧视妇女及广大劳动人民的思想也是极其窒息人性的，不仅毒害了中国人民的价值观，更是倡导消灭剥削，消除两极分化，实行无产阶级专政的马克思主义所不能容忍的。
[Abstract]:Confucianism is a profound and rich ideological system. For thousands of years, it advocated positive thoughts such as "benevolence", "people first", "rule by virtue" and so on, which not only effectively promoted social harmony and cultural prosperity. It also makes many Chinese people quickly find the point of convergence when they contact Marxism for the first time, thus promoting the spread and development of Marxism in China to a certain extent. For example, the institutional construction of the people's Republic of China is inextricably related to the social structure advocated by Confucianism; the development of production and the pursuit of a well-off society; There is also profound consistency and continuity between the strategy of governing the country in building a harmonious society and the political proposition of governing the country and leveling the world emphasized by Confucianism, while Mao Zedong's thought, Deng Xiaoping's theory, The important thinking of "three represents" is closely related to the practical and practical thinking of the world, seeking truth from facts, integrating knowledge and practice, and the practical thinking of the people in Confucianism. It can be said that the reason why Marxism can develop and grow in China is that Confucianism has played a vital role. Marxism, which originated from the West, has become the mainstream thought in Chinese society because it has the essence, style and color of Confucianism. The positive effect of Confucianism on the development of Marxism in China is indisputable, but the influence of some negative thoughts on Marxism can not be ignored. First of all, on the social development concept, Confucianism not only disapproved of positive reform and enterprising, but also called for the restoration of ancient system. This kind of negative retro proposition runs counter to the Marxist concept of "keeping pace with the times", which not only seriously hinders the pace of social progress in China, but also is a stumbling block for Marxism in the course of China's development. Secondly, the lack of the spirit of democracy and freedom in Confucianism, the one-sided emphasis on the concept of family and the collective interests have greatly constrained the development of people's personality, which is in line with Marxism's advocacy of personality freedom and opposition to monopoly. The idea of firmly advocating the development of the public ownership economy is also incompatible with each other. Finally, its founder Confucius' idea of discriminating against women and the broad masses of working people was extremely suffocating. It not only poisoned the values of the Chinese people, but also advocated the elimination of exploitation and polarization. Marxism under the dictatorship of the proletariat cannot tolerate it.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D641

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