试论青年毛泽东历史观的转变

发布时间：2018-08-29 13:23

【摘要】：青年毛泽东生活的时代，正处在近代中国遭受列强欺凌、军阀纷争混战时期。整个中国近代史，是镌刻着中华民族一步步滑入半殖民地半封建社会深渊的屈辱历史，国之将亡，牵动每一名中国人的心。各个阶级，种种势力，百般努力，皆已失败。一代代先进的中国人不停地追问，20世纪的中国将要走向何方？到底什么人可以扭转中华民族亡国灭种的危难？什么样的社会变革方式才可以创造一个崭新的中国？毛泽东通过在历史观领域的逐步转变，最终正确地回答了这些问题。怀揣着探求救国真理的豪情壮志，青年毛泽东发奋读书，勤于实践，修学储能，刻苦思考，最终找到了马克思主义这一锐利的思想武器。毛泽东接受唯物史观，既是他主观情感的要求，也是民族传统文化积淀、西方文化影响和对马克思主义世界观产生文化认同的必然结果，更是近代中国民族民主革命实践经验教训的最终选择。青年毛泽东以历史观的转变引领新世界观的形成，成功实现了由激进的民主主义者到马克思主义者的蜕变。毛泽东青年时期历史观的转变，是其思想剧变和信仰转型的重要体现，此过程虽然曲折，但意义重大。研究青年毛泽东历史观的转变，有利于理解毛泽东未来的政治思想与政治实践；挖掘并学习青年毛泽东的精神品质，对于当代青年树立崇高理想，正确评价当代思潮，提升创新型学习能力大有裨益，更有利于引导他们将理想立足于现实，积极献身中国特色社会主义事业。本文要解答的问题是，，在成为坚定的马克思主义者之前，青年毛泽东的历史观是如何发展的？他选择唯物史观的可能性和必然性在哪里？他的选择是一帆风顺的吗？这种抉择对他个人和整个国家有何影响？而我们又能从青年毛泽东身上得到什么精神启示？基于此，本文共分四大部分：第一部分是青年毛泽东历史观转变的内容。本部分从历史观主体内容的三个方面进行分析。运用材料分析方法，按时间顺序分析了毛泽东的思想转变过程，包括历史发展动力、历史创造主体和社会历史变革方式三个方面。第二部分是青年毛泽东历史观转变的条件。从主客观多角度进行分析。主观方面包括情感品质因素、文化性格基础和早期理论素养等，客观条件从时代背景、社会实践基础和马克思主义者的引导等方面入手。第三部分是青年毛泽东历史观转变对其未来政治生涯的影响。主体部分包括积极影响和消极影响两方面。积极影响部分照应前文对转变内容的分析，指明其思想的伟大超越之处，消极影响以“脱离实事求是思想路线”为主线，分析毛泽东对唯物史观认识不到位之处及其危害。本部分运用对比分析方法。第四部分是青年毛泽东历史观的转变对当代青年应有的精神启示。主要立足于文章第二部分，结合生动事例分析青年毛泽东身上所具有的诸多优秀品质，以期对当代青年的成长成才有所启迪。
[Abstract]:Young Mao Zedong lived in a time when modern China was subjected to bullying by the great powers and warlord disputes. The whole modern history of China is a history of humiliation engraved in the abyss of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in which the Chinese nation slipped into the abyss of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society step by step. Generations of advanced Chinese people have been asking questions about where China will go in the 20th century. Who on earth can reverse the danger of the Chinese nation's national subjugation and extinction? What kind of social transformation can create a new China? Mao Zedong finally correctly answered these questions through gradual changes in the field of historical outlook.
With the lofty ambition to seek the truth of saving the country, young Mao Zedong studied hard, practiced diligently, studied hard, and pondered hard, and finally found Marxism as a sharp ideological weapon. Mao Zedong's acceptance of historical materialism is not only the requirement of his subjective feelings, but also the accumulation of national traditional culture, the influence of western culture and Marxism. Young Mao Zedong led the formation of a new world outlook with the change of historical outlook, and successfully realized the transformation from radical democrats to Marxists. The important manifestation of upheaval and transformation of faith is a tortuous but significant process.
Studying the change of young Mao Zedong's historical outlook is helpful to understand Mao Zedong's future political thought and practice; excavating and studying young Mao Zedong's spiritual qualities is of great benefit to the contemporary youth to set up lofty ideals, correctly evaluate contemporary ideological trends, enhance their innovative learning ability, and guide them to base their ideals on reality. We should actively devote ourselves to the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
The question to be answered in this paper is, how did young Mao Zedong develop his view of history before he became a firm Marxist? Where was the possibility and inevitability of his choice of historical materialism? Was his choice smooth? What spiritual revelations do you get?
Based on this, this article is divided into four parts.
The first part is the content of the transformation of young Mao Zedong's historical outlook.This part is analyzed from three aspects of the main content of the historical outlook.By using the method of material analysis,the process of Mao Zedong's ideological transformation is analyzed in chronological order,including the motive force of historical development,the subject of historical creation and the mode of social and historical transformation.
The second part is the conditions for the transformation of young Mao Zedong's historical outlook.It is analyzed from subjective and objective angles.The subjective aspects include the factors of emotional quality,the foundation of cultural character and early theoretical attainment.The objective conditions start with the background of the times,the foundation of social practice and the guidance of Marxists.
The third part is about the influence of the change of young Mao Zedong's historical outlook on his future political career.The main part includes both positive and negative influence.The positive influence part refers to the analysis of the content of the change mentioned above,points out the great transcendence of his thought,and the negative influence takes the ideological line of seeking truth from facts as the main line to analyze Mao Zedong. The eastern part does not know enough about the materialist conception of history and its harm.
The fourth part is the spiritual enlightenment that the change of young Mao Zedong's historical outlook should give to the contemporary youth, mainly based on the second part of the article, combining with vivid examples to analyze many outstanding qualities of young Mao Zedong, in order to enlighten the growth and development of contemporary youth.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：A841

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