毛泽东伦理思想的墨家思想资源

发布时间：2018-08-31 18:22

【摘要】：马克思主义中国化的第一次飞跃就是毛泽东思想的形成,毛泽东开创了将中国实际国情同马克思基本理论相结合的先河。中国国情也包括中国传统文化形成的中国的社会氛围,研究中国传统文化自然就成了毛泽东最终能实现民族解放的重要方面。墨家思想是先秦时期最能与儒家思想相媲美的文化成果,虽然后期因为各种原因文献有所流失,但是其思想在各个方面对毛泽东也产生了影响。伦理思想是关于人生哲学的思想,是最与人类息息相关的思想,包括政治、经济、生命等方面,是指导人们生活和思考的哲学。伦理思想不仅仅包括思想观念,也包括社会行为,毛泽东的许多生活行为和政治行为或多或少的都受到了墨家伦理思想的影响。在当今时代,软实力越来越成为国际力量竞争的一部分时,有着几千年历史的中国传统文化在软实力的竞争方面就有更加独特的优势,研究中国传统文化中的墨家伦理思想,不但能研究中国先秦时期的平民思想,也能为我国当前的传统文化研究添砖加瓦。探索毛泽东伦理思想的墨家思想资源,我们可以发现毛泽东对传统文化不仅仅是学习,也继承、创新并运用于工作中,这一定为我们当今研究传统文化提供了很好的方法。墨家思想与马克思主义思想都含有辩证唯物主义的观点,所以,研究墨家传统文化,也能进一步辅助我们理解和研究从中国的历史环境中产生和发展马克思主义的可能性,拓宽了马克思主义中国化的研究途径。而此文就是希望能以毛泽东的墨学伦理观为切入点,弘扬以墨学为代表的平民文化的现代价值,为今天社会主义新文化体系的构建提供新思路。本文从五个部分对毛泽东伦理思想的墨家思想资源进行了探讨:第一部分是论文的序言部分,介绍了研究毛泽东的思想与墨家伦理思想这一题目的选题缘由和选题意义,简述了毛泽东思想与墨家伦理思想的研究现状。第二部分是论文的第一章,简单阐述了战国时期伦理思想的内容、派别和特点,简述了墨家伦理思想在战国时期的地位以及墨家伦理思想与儒、道、法四种不同派别的伦理思想的区别。第三部分是论文的第二章,简述了墨家思想在汉朝迅速衰败的原因和近现代墨学研究的兴起、毛泽东的生活时代、早期共产党人的对墨学思想的推崇等方面说明了毛泽东与墨学的渊源,由此判断出他的伦理思想中有墨家伦理思想的影响因素。第四部分是论文的第三章,从政治伦理思想、经济伦理思想、生命伦理思想三个方面阐述了毛泽东的思想中与墨子思想共通的地方,论证了毛泽东的思想中确实借鉴了墨家的伦理思想。第五部分是论文的第四章,主要说明了毛泽东思想对与传统思想融合这一文化现象对当前的启示,这一论题不论是对毛泽东思想研究还是中国传统文化研究都指明了新的维度。
[Abstract]:The first leap forward of Marxism in China was the formation of Mao Zedong's thought. Mao Zedong pioneered the combination of China's actual national conditions and Marx's basic theory. China's national conditions also include the social atmosphere of China formed by Chinese traditional culture, and the study of Chinese traditional culture naturally becomes an important aspect of Mao Zedong's ultimate national liberation. Mohist thought is the most comparable cultural achievement with Confucianism in the pre-Qin period. Although the literature was lost for various reasons in the later period, the thought of Mohist school also influenced Mao Zedong in various aspects. Ethical thought is the philosophy of life, which is most closely related to human beings, including politics, economy, life and so on. It is the philosophy that guides people to live and think. The ethics thought not only includes the thought idea, also includes the social behavior, Mao Zedong's many life behavior and the political behavior have been influenced more or less by the Mohist ethics thought. In today's era, when soft power is becoming more and more part of the international power competition, the traditional Chinese culture, which has a history of thousands of years, has a more unique advantage in the competition of soft power. It can not only study the thought of common people in the pre-Qin period of China, but also contribute to the study of Chinese traditional culture. Exploring the Mohist ideological resources of Mao Zedong's ethical thoughts, we can find that Mao Zedong not only studies, but also inherits, innovates and applies to the traditional culture, which must provide a good method for us to study the traditional culture today. Both Mohist thought and Marxist thought contain the viewpoint of dialectical materialism. Therefore, studying Mohist traditional culture can further assist us to understand and study the possibility of producing and developing Marxism from China's historical environment. It broadens the research approach of Marxism in China. And this article hopes to take Mao Zedong's Mohist ethics view as the breakthrough point, to carry forward the modern value of the civilian culture represented by Mohism, and to provide a new way of thinking for the construction of the new socialist cultural system today. This paper probes into the Mohist ideological resources of Mao Zedong's ethical thoughts from five parts: the first part is the preface of the thesis, which introduces the reason and significance of selecting topics on the topic of the research on the thought of Mao Zedong and the ethical thought of Mohism. This paper briefly introduces the research status of Mao Zedong's thought and Mohist's ethics thought. The second part is the first chapter of the thesis, briefly expounds the content, school and characteristics of the ethics of the warring States period, briefly describes the status of the Mohist ethics in the warring States period, as well as the ethics of Mohism and Confucianism, Taoism. The difference of ethics thought of four different schools of law. The third part is the second chapter of the thesis, which briefly describes the reasons for the rapid decline of Mohist thought in the Han Dynasty, the rise of modern and modern Mohist studies, the life of Mao Zedong. The early communists' praise of Mohist thought explained the origin of Mao Zedong and Mohism, and judged the influence factors of Mohist ethical thought in his ethical thought. The fourth part is the third chapter of the thesis, from the political ethics thought, the economic ethics thought, the life ethics thought three aspects elaborated Mao Zedong's thought in common with Mozi thought place, It demonstrates that Mao Zedong's thoughts really draw lessons from Mohist ethics. The fifth part is the fourth chapter of the thesis, which mainly explains the enlightenment of the cultural phenomenon of the fusion of Mao Zedong's thought and the traditional thought to the present. This thesis points out a new dimension to the research of Mao Zedong's thought as well as the study of Chinese traditional culture.
【学位授予单位】：湖北省社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：A84

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