青年马克思异化论新探
发布时间：2018-09-11 11:12
【摘要】：异化现象是现代社会的病症之一,青年马克思的异化论开启了对社会异化现象的剖析。现代社会的起源可以追溯到中世纪晚期的文艺复兴,在那个时代科学技术的发明、贸易的扩展与人文主义精神的兴盛交相辉映,并从生产方式和思维模式这两个基本的层面冲击着旧世界,且催生出现代社会。我们可以称之为两种现代性浪潮,但是这两种现代性浪潮到了青年马克思的时代都出现了不小的问题,人文主义者所热情讴歌的“人”只存在于“应然”的世界里,现实中由于受市场神秘规律的调控个体被塑造成为自私和狭隘的个人；科学技术的发明、生产方式的改进、贸易的扩展本应给人们普遍带来丰厚的物质财富,却实际上把一小部分人送进“物欲的天堂”变为资本家,把大部分人送进“生存的地狱”变成无产者,这两种现代性困境被青年马克思总结为异化现象。在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中青年马克思以具体的工人为起点探求异化现象的起因与超越之道,正是在这种探求中,走向现实的哲学家马克思实现了“意识哲学”到“生存哲学”的转向,这种转向加深了青年马克思对历史的主体的认识从而之后创建了唯物史观。《德意志意识形态》是唯物史观的序幕之作,书中青年马克思着力探讨了异化现象的起因——市场分工和交换的自发性,并提出了从“自发”到“自愿”的愿景。
[Abstract]:Alienation is one of the symptoms of modern society. The origins of modern society can be traced back to the Renaissance in the late Middle Ages, when the invention of science and technology, the expansion of trade, and the prosperity of humanism, And from the mode of production and mode of thinking these two basic levels of impact on the old world, and gave birth to the modern society. We can call it two waves of modernity, but these two waves of modernity have come into being in the age of young Marx. The humanists' enthusiastic eulogizing "man" only exists in the world of "ought to be". In reality, individuals controlled by the mysterious laws of the market are molded as selfish and narrow individuals; the invention of science and technology, the improvement of production methods, the expansion of trade should have brought people rich material wealth in general. But in fact, a small number of people into "the paradise of material desire" become capitalists, and the majority of people into the "hell of survival" become proletarians. These two modernistic dilemmas were summed up as alienation by young Marx. In the manuscript of Economics and philosophy of 1844, the young and middle-aged Marx explored the cause and transcendence of alienation with concrete workers as the starting point. The philosopher Marx, who went to reality, realized the turn from "philosophy of consciousness" to "philosophy of existence". This turn deepened young Marx's understanding of the subject of history and then created historical materialism. "German ideology" is the prelude to historical materialism. In the book, young Marx probes into the cause of alienation-the spontaneity of market division of labor and exchange, and puts forward a vision from "spontaneous" to "voluntary".
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：A811;B03
本文编号：2236533
[Abstract]:Alienation is one of the symptoms of modern society. The origins of modern society can be traced back to the Renaissance in the late Middle Ages, when the invention of science and technology, the expansion of trade, and the prosperity of humanism, And from the mode of production and mode of thinking these two basic levels of impact on the old world, and gave birth to the modern society. We can call it two waves of modernity, but these two waves of modernity have come into being in the age of young Marx. The humanists' enthusiastic eulogizing "man" only exists in the world of "ought to be". In reality, individuals controlled by the mysterious laws of the market are molded as selfish and narrow individuals; the invention of science and technology, the improvement of production methods, the expansion of trade should have brought people rich material wealth in general. But in fact, a small number of people into "the paradise of material desire" become capitalists, and the majority of people into the "hell of survival" become proletarians. These two modernistic dilemmas were summed up as alienation by young Marx. In the manuscript of Economics and philosophy of 1844, the young and middle-aged Marx explored the cause and transcendence of alienation with concrete workers as the starting point. The philosopher Marx, who went to reality, realized the turn from "philosophy of consciousness" to "philosophy of existence". This turn deepened young Marx's understanding of the subject of history and then created historical materialism. "German ideology" is the prelude to historical materialism. In the book, young Marx probes into the cause of alienation-the spontaneity of market division of labor and exchange, and puts forward a vision from "spontaneous" to "voluntary".
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：A811;B03
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