人的存在形态与和谐社会构建

发布时间：2019-03-06 15:41

【摘要】：根据实践活动主体的范围和层次，可以将人的存在划分为个体存在、群体存在与类存在三种形态。与人的存在形态相适应，和谐社会也可以划分为个体和谐、群体和谐与类和谐三个层次。和谐社会是个体和谐、群体和谐与类和谐三者的有机统一，是人与自身、人与社会以及人与自然关系的全面和谐。构建社会主义和谐社会既是我国社会发展的一项重大战略目标，又是重大战略举措。当前，我国在构建社会主义和谐社会的过程中还存在不少问题，经济社会发展中还存在着许多不和谐的因素。因而，如何构建和谐社会仍然是一个非常重要的问题。而构建和谐社会，离不开人这个主体因素。无论是在理论层面还是从实践层面，从人的存在形态角度分析和谐社会的构建都具有重要意义。本文从人的存在形态角度对如何构建社会主义和谐社会进行探讨，分析了作为和谐之主体人的存在形态，阐述了与人的存在形态相适应的三种和谐形式即个体和谐、群体和谐与类和谐及三者的统一，最后提出了人的存在视域下和谐社会的构建思路。除导论外，论文分为三部分：第一部分，作为和谐之主体人的存在形态。人的存在分为人的个体存在、群体存在与类存在三种形态。人的个体存在包括自然存在、主体性存在与社会存在三个方面。群体是介于个体与类之间的中间层次，个体存在于群体之中，依赖于群体存在，而群体则为个体的发展提供必要的条件。类是人区别于动物特有的存在形式，类是在实践基础上发生社会关系的人的具体统一性，同时，类是人完成了的本质统一的存在状态。第二部分，与人的存在形态相适应的三种和谐形式。个体和谐是群体和谐与类和谐的基础和前提，人的个体和谐就是人的自我和谐，体现为人的生理与心理、物质需求与精神需求以及个人人格的和谐统一。群体和谐包括个人与个人、个人与群体以及群体间的和谐，其实质是要达到人与人、人与社会之间的和谐。构建社会主义和谐社会，，当前应特别注重实现我国内部不同群体间的和谐。相对于个体和谐与群体和谐而言，类和谐包括人与自然的和谐以及人类社会内部的和谐。个体和谐、群体和谐与类和谐三者相互联系，高度统一。第三部分，人的存在形态视域下和谐社会的构建。以人的存在形态为视域分析和谐社会构建，关键是应突出人的主体地位，促进个体、群体与类和谐的统一。追求个体、群体与类和谐是和谐社会的价值诉求，而科学发展则是实现三种和谐的现实基础。同时，人是构建和谐社会的主体，因而应重视人的塑造。最后，应在科学发展中实现和谐社会构建与人的全面发展的互动共生。
[Abstract]:According to the scope and level of the subject of practical activities, the existence of human beings can be divided into three forms: individual existence, group existence and class existence. According to the existence of human beings, harmonious society can be divided into three levels: individual harmony, group harmony and class harmony. Harmonious society is the organic unity of individual harmony, group harmony and class harmony. It is the all-round harmony between man and itself, man and society, and man and nature. Building a harmonious socialist society is not only a major strategic goal of China's social development, but also a major strategic measure. At present, there are still many problems in the process of building a harmonious socialist society in our country, and there are still many disharmonious factors in the development of economy and society. Therefore, how to build a harmonious society is still a very important issue. And the construction of a harmonious society, can not be separated from the main factor of human. It is of great significance to analyze the construction of harmonious society from the perspective of human being form both in theory and in practice. This paper probes into how to construct a harmonious socialist society from the angle of human being form, analyzes the existence form of human being as the harmonious subject, and expounds three kinds of harmonious forms, that is, individual harmony, which are adapted to the human existence form. Group harmony and class harmony as well as the unity of the three, finally put forward the construction of a harmonious society from the perspective of human existence. In addition to the introduction, the paper is divided into three parts: the first part, as the harmonious main body of the existence of human form. Human existence is divided into three forms: individual existence, group existence and class existence. Human individual existence includes three aspects: natural existence, subjective existence and social existence. Group is the middle level between individual and class. The individual exists in the group and depends on the existence of the group, and the group provides the necessary conditions for the development of the individual. The class is the specific form of existence which is different from the animal. The class is the concrete unity of the person who has the social relations on the basis of practice. At the same time, the class is the existence state of the essential unity that man has completed. The second part, the three harmonious forms adapted to the human being form. Individual harmony is the basis and premise of group harmony and class harmony. Individual harmony is human self-harmony, which is embodied in the harmony and unity of human physiology and psychology, material and spiritual needs as well as individual personality. Group harmony includes individuals and individuals, individuals and groups and the harmony between groups. The essence of group harmony is to achieve harmony between people, people and society. To construct a harmonious socialist society, we should pay special attention to realizing the harmony among different groups in our country. Compared with individual harmony and group harmony, class harmony includes harmony between man and nature and harmony within human society. Individual harmony, group harmony and class harmony are interrelated and highly unified. The third part, the construction of harmonious society under the view of human existence form. To analyze the construction of harmonious society from the perspective of human being form, the key is to highlight the subject status of human beings and promote the unity of individual, group and class harmony. Pursuing individual, group and class harmony is the value demand of harmonious society, and scientific development is the realistic foundation of realizing three kinds of harmony. At the same time, human being is the main body of constructing harmonious society, so we should pay attention to the shaping of human being. Finally, we should realize the interactive symbiosis between the construction of harmonious society and the all-round development of human beings in the course of scientific development.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D61;B038

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