论列宁的无产阶级专政理论

发布时间：2019-06-30 20:35

【摘要】：列宁无产阶级专政理论是当今世界范围内影响最深远的关于社会主义建设的理论,它既指导了俄国革命,又正确解决了社会的主要矛盾,实现了俄国的伟大复兴;又能够指导未来世界范围内一系列社会主义国家的革命和建设活动。长期以来学界关于列宁无产阶级专政的理论研究众说纷纭,也有人分析了列宁无产阶级专政理论同历史现象的关系,本文就从理论和实践两个角度出发来深入研究列宁无产阶级专政理论产生的背景以及整体的理论体系。首先,不可否认的是,列宁的无产阶级专政理论是一个非常系统完整的理论体系,包括诸多方面例如无产阶级专政的重要方式和重要途径即武力反抗反动统治的必要性以及无产阶级专政的必要性;无产阶级这个阶级特殊的历史使命和自身的性质以及如何巩固无产阶级专政等都属于列宁无产阶级专政理论的重要理论因素。1其次,列宁所提出的无产阶级专政理论中,相当一部分观点不是列宁独创的,而是从欧洲其他工人运动和空想社会主义的历史实践中,脱胎而来的。列宁在整理归纳无产阶级专政理论时,也着重参考了马克思恩格斯的唯物主义历史史观,吸收前人文献中的精华,形成了列宁自己独特的无产阶级专政理论。因此,本文也研究了列宁无产阶级专政理论的理论来源和实践来源,从历史实践的角度分析了列宁无产阶级专政理论的先进性和可行性。再次,列宁无产阶级专政理论产生于特殊的历史时期,在俄国1905年革命和十月革命前后都发生过重要的影响,但是在列宁死后,无产阶级专政理论受到了西方学者的批驳和反对,本文综合整理了西方学者对列宁无产阶级专政理论的批评要点,根据这些要点找出证据一一回击西方学者对列无产阶级专政理论的污蔑和歪曲,从后来的实践中可以证明,列宁关于无产阶级专政理论的论述是完全正确的,是符合历史发展实际的,只有列宁的无产阶级专政理论能解决那个时期俄国特殊的社会危机,也能够打碎旧的国家机器和法律制度。2整体来说,本文的研究分为四个部分,第一部分,简要介绍了本论文研究的背景、意义与方法以及论文研究的主要创新点和难点。第二部分研究了列宁无产阶级专政理论产生的条件,包括无产阶级专政理论的理论渊源以及无产阶级专政理论的实践经验。第三部分研究了列宁无产阶级专政理论的体系,包括无产阶级专政的必要性和无产阶级专政的内涵和实质,以及如何巩固无产阶级专政的措施。第四部分,本文研究了西方学者对列宁无产阶级专政理论诬蔑的几个代表性观点,并且针对这些西方学者提出观点的理论依据,一一提出反对意见,反击了西方学者对列宁无产阶级专政理论的歪曲和误解,希望能够让后来的人们正确认识和评判列宁的无产阶级专政理论的历史贡献,在本文的最后也对本次研究的主要内容作了归纳和总结。
[Abstract]:The theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat of Lenin is the most far-reaching theory of the socialist construction in the world, which not only guides the Russian revolution, but also correctly solves the main contradiction of the society, and realizes the great revival of Russia; And also can guide the revolution and construction activities of a series of socialist countries in the future world. The theory of the dictatorship of Lenin's proletariat for a long time has been widely spoken, and the relationship between the theory of the dictatorship of the proletarian dictatorship and the historical phenomenon has also been analyzed. In this paper, the background of the theory of the dictatorship of the proletarian dictatorship and the theoretical system of the whole are studied in the light of both the theory and the practice. First, it is undeniable that Lenin's theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat is a very systematic and complete theoretical system, including many aspects, such as the important way of the dictatorship of the proletariat and the necessity of the use of force against the reactionary rule and the necessity of the dictatorship of the proletariat; The special historical mission and the nature of the class of the proletariat and how to consolidate the dictatorship of the proletariat belong to the important theoretical factor of the theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat. But in the history of other European workers' movement and Utopian socialism, it came out of the tire. In the development of the theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat, Lenin also focused on the historical materialism of the materialism of Marx and Engels, and absorbed the essence of the previous literature, and formed the theory of Lenin's own unique dictatorship of the proletariat. Therefore, this paper also studies the theoretical source and practical source of the theory of the dictatorship of the proletarian dictatorship, and analyses the advanced and feasible of the theory of the dictatorship of the proletarian dictatorship from the angle of the historical practice. Once again, the theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat of Lenin was born in a special historical period, and had an important influence both before and after the revolution of the Russian 1905 and the October Revolution, but after the death of Lenin, the theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat was criticized and opposed by the western scholars. In this paper, the key points of the western scholars' criticism of the theory of the dictatorship of the proletarian dictatorship of the proletariat are summarized, and the evidence is found out in the light of these points, and the comments and distortion of the theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat by the western scholars are found out, and it can be proved from the later practice. Lenin's exposition of the theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat is completely correct, is in accordance with the historical development practice, only Lenin's theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat can solve the special social crisis of Russia in that period, and can break the old national machinery and the legal system. The research of this paper is divided into four parts, and the first part briefly introduces the background, meaning and method of the research and the main innovation points and difficulties of the paper. The second part studies the conditions of the theory of the dictatorship of the proletarian dictatorship, including the theoretical origin of the theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat and the practical experience of the theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat. The third part studies the system of the theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat, including the necessity of the dictatorship of the proletariat and the connotation and essence of the dictatorship of the proletariat, and the measures to consolidate the dictatorship of the proletariat. In the fourth part, this paper studies some of the representative views of the western scholars to libel the theory of the dictatorship of the proletarian dictatorship, and puts forward an objection to these western scholars, and counteracts the distortion and misunderstanding of the western scholars to the theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat of Lenin. It is hoped that later people can correctly understand and judge the historical contribution of Lenin's theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat, and the main contents of this study are summarized and summarized.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：A82

【相似文献】