政府主导、人口流动与城乡收入差距

发布时间：2018-02-05 20:03

本文关键词： 政府主导人口流动城乡收入差距　出处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中国经济增长具有典型的政府主导特征,通过构造一个包含城镇和农村经济产出的社会福利函数来分析政府主导型经济增长对城乡收入差距的影响关系,并基于中国城镇化发展实际分析了人口流动对城乡收入差距的影响,在此基础上提出研究假说,统计中国1997—2014年省际面板数据,采用泰尔指数测度城乡收入差距并分别进行静态和动态回归分析与检验。静态研究发现政府主导和人口流动显著地拉大了城乡收入差距,但是二者的交互项对城乡收入差距的确具有收敛效应,即随着人口流动的增加,政府主导对城乡收入差距的边际贡献会降低,同样随着政府主导的提升也会降低人口流动对城乡收入差距的边际贡献,这种影响关系在分区域的回归中依然成立,并通过了稳健性检验;动态研究发现全国和分区域中城乡收入差距的变动存在显著的正向路径依赖特征,全国层面政府主导显著地拉大了城乡收入差距,而人口流动及其与政府主导的交互项则显著地缩小了城乡收入差距,但分区域来看政府主导和人口流动对城乡收入差距的影响存在显著的区域异质性,并通过了稳健性检验。因此缩小城乡收入差距不应设置单一的政策目标,需要建立多方面的政策配套体系,逐步矫正政府主导型经济中造成的政府职能异化,精准识别地方财政收支量的规模和结构条件,扩大涉农业务投资的规模,激活农村经济发展活力;在城乡户籍制度改革中进一步打破城乡分割藩篱,大力发展非农产业,增加农民的非农就业机会,促进农民的非农化就业和城镇化迁移,提升城镇化发展质量;最终通过一系列的配套性制度安排,旨在加强支持农业发展和农村建设,促进农民收入增长的制度供给,实现城乡共享发展。
[Abstract]:China's economic growth has a typical government-led characteristics, through the construction of a social welfare function including urban and rural economic output to analyze the government-led economic growth on the urban-rural income gap. And based on the actual development of urbanization in China, this paper analyzes the impact of population mobility on the urban-rural income gap, and on this basis, puts forward a research hypothesis, statistics China 1997-2014 inter-provincial panel data. The static and dynamic regression analysis and test were carried out by using the Thiel index to measure the urban-rural income gap. The static study found that government-led and population mobility significantly widened the urban-rural income gap. However, the interaction between the two has a convergence effect on the urban-rural income gap, that is, with the increase of population flow, the marginal contribution of the government to the urban-rural income gap will be reduced. With the promotion of the government, the marginal contribution of population mobility to the urban-rural income gap will also be reduced, which is still established in the return of the sub-region, and has passed the stability test; Dynamic study found that the change of urban-rural income gap in the country and sub-region has significant positive path dependence characteristics, the national level government led to significantly widen the urban-rural income gap. The population mobility and its interaction with the government significantly reduce the urban-rural income gap, but there is significant regional heterogeneity in terms of the impact of government-led and population mobility on the urban-rural income gap. Therefore, we should not set up a single policy goal to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas. We need to establish a policy supporting system in many aspects, and gradually correct the alienation of government functions caused by the government-led economy. The scale and structural conditions of local fiscal revenue and expenditure should be accurately identified, the scale of agricultural business investment should be expanded, and the vitality of rural economic development should be activated. In the reform of urban and rural household registration system, we should further break the barriers between urban and rural areas, vigorously develop non-agricultural industries, increase non-agricultural employment opportunities of farmers, promote non-agricultural employment and urbanization migration of farmers, and improve the quality of urbanization development. Finally, through a series of supporting institutional arrangements, the aim is to strengthen the institutional supply to support agricultural development and rural construction, to promote the growth of farmers' income, and to realize the shared development of urban and rural areas.
【作者单位】：西北大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“供给侧改革中粮食生产区位效率差异与产需格局优化研究”(批准号:16BJY104) 陕西省社会科学基金面向“十三五”重大理论与现实问题研究项目“中国特色社会主义政治经济学发展研究”(批准号:2016ZDA18) 西北大学研究生自主创新项目“中国财政支农政策的农业减灾效应研究”(批准号:YZZ15049)
【分类号】：F124.7;C924.2

【参考文献】