论我国计划生育政策人本价值的偏离与回归

发布时间：2018-03-06 22:11

本文选题：计划生育　切入点：以人为本　出处：《湖南师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：计划生育政策是我国长期坚持的基本国策。我国实施计划生育政策在有效控制人口增长,缓解人口对资源和环境的压力等方面取得了巨大的成就。但是,随着国家政治、经济、文化的发展,我国计划生育政策引发了一些问题,例如,人口老龄化、性别比例失调、人口结构分布不均等。当中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会的报告中明确指出：“科学发展观的核心是以人为本。”计划生育政策是否偏离了人本价值引发了人们的思考。本文以公共政策过程为线,以“以人为本”基本价值标准为点,通过相关文献的回顾和现实问题的访谈,发现我国计划生育政策中人本价值偏离的表现主要在政策制定和政策执行两个方面,一方面,政策制定中政策目标、政策具体内容、政策方案的抉择偏离了“以人为本”；另一方面,在政策执行中政策主体对政策的宣传；执行主体价值取向、执行主体执行行为等也偏离了“以人为本”。从中不难发现我国计划生育政策偏离“以人为本”的原因,主要包括两方面：一方面,在政策制定中,政策的制定受其制定环境的影响；政策制定主体认知能力的偏差；政策方案的抉择缺乏科学、合理的评估；另一方面,政策执行中,缺乏畅通的政策渠道；执行者的工作观念不正；缺乏完善的监督机制等。笔者认为,我国计划生育政策应从以下几个方面重新回归“以人为本”,一是,政策目标的调整应回归于“以人为本”；二是,应建立“以人为本”为导向的公共服务体系；三是,应建立“以人为本”为着力点的政策执行方式,只有这样,我国的计划生育政策,才能重新回归”以人为本“,才能使国家经济富强,党永葆青春,文化繁荣发展,实现国家和人最终自由而全面的发展。
[Abstract]:Family planning policy is the basic national policy of our country for a long time. The implementation of family planning policy in China has made great achievements in effectively controlling population growth and relieving population pressure on resources and environment. However, with the development of national politics and economy, With the development of culture, China's family planning policy has caused some problems, such as the aging of the population, the gender imbalance, When the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out: "the core of the scientific development view is people-oriented." Thinking. This paper takes the process of public policy as the line, Taking the "people-oriented" basic value standard as the point, through the review of relevant literature and the interview of practical problems, it is found that the deviation of human-oriented value in China's family planning policy is mainly manifested in two aspects: policy formulation and policy implementation, on the one hand, The choice of policy objective, policy content, policy scheme deviates from "people-oriented" in policy formulation; on the other hand, the policy subject propagates policy in policy implementation, and the value orientation of implementing subject. It is not difficult to find out the reason why the family planning policy deviates from the people-oriented policy, which includes two aspects: on the one hand, in the process of policy making, The policy formulation is influenced by its environment; the cognitive ability of the policy makers is deviated; the choice of policy scheme is lack of scientific and reasonable evaluation; on the other hand, there is a lack of unimpeded policy channels in policy implementation. The author believes that China's family planning policy should return to "people-oriented" from the following aspects: first, the adjustment of policy objectives should be returned to "people-oriented"; second, A "people-oriented" public service system should be established; third, a "people-oriented" mode of policy implementation should be established. Only in this way, our country's family planning policy, Only then can we return to "people-oriented", make the country's economy rich and strong, the Party keep its youth, develop its culture, and realize the ultimate free and all-round development of the country and people.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：C924.21;D630

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