我国流动人口家庭消费及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 10:20

本文选题：流动人口家庭　切入点：消费　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着改革开放程度的日益加深,中国经过30多年的飞速发展,如今已成为世界第二大经济体。在经济发展过程中,流动人口的规模日渐增大,流动人口也逐渐成为沿海等发达省份和地区的劳动力的主要来源,对其群体的各方面研究也日益受到重视,流动人口家庭消费状况便是其中之一。本文在流动人口与消费的相关理论基础上,利用2015年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据,首先从流动人口的规模、分布、年龄结构与收入状况进行分析,表明流动人口规模逐年上升,流动人口增长率的趋势是“先高后低”;流动人口分布的总体趋势为“东入中西出”,80%的流动人口为44岁及以下青年劳动力;30岁以下女性劳动力流动意愿高于男性流动人口的流动意愿,而30岁以上女性流动人口的流动意愿低于男性流动人口的流动意愿;在收入状况方面,流动人口家庭月平均收入水平高于农村家庭及全国家庭月平均收入水平,低于城镇居民家庭月平均收入水平。其次对流动人口家庭消费的现状与特点进行分析,表明流动人口家庭月平均消费总支出高于农村居民家庭月平均消费总支出而低于城镇及全国居民家庭月平均消费总支出;流动人口家庭月平均食品消费支出低于全国平均水平,近百分之七十的家庭生活水平处于小康,近百分之二十的流动人口家庭在流入地不用承担住房支出,近百分之六十的流动人口家庭的住房支出在1000元以下。再次,采用多元线性回归模型逐步回归法对流动人口家庭消费的影响因素进行分析得出五点结论:第一,流动人口家庭收入对其消费水平的影响最为显著,收入越高的家庭其消费能力越强;第二,流动人口家庭消费呈"倒U型"特征;第三,人力资本的提升对流动人口家庭消费起推动作用;第四,制度约束阻碍流动人口家庭消费;第五,流动人口群体的人口学特征与其家庭消费水平高度相关。最后,在模型分析的基础上提出四点建议:第一,切实提高流动人口家庭收入水平和消费欲望;第二,努力为流动人口在城市安家落户提供保障;第三,提升流动人口人力资本,培育新知识型劳动力;第四,深化供给侧改革,以新生代流动人口家庭为重点推动消费增长。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of reform and opening up, after more than 30 years of rapid development, China has become the world's second largest economy. In the process of economic development, the size of the floating population is increasing. The floating population has gradually become the main source of labor force in developed provinces and regions such as the coastal areas, and the study of all aspects of their groups has been paid more and more attention to. On the basis of the theory of floating population and consumption, this paper makes use of the survey data of national floating population dynamics in 2015, first of all, from the scale and distribution of floating population, The analysis of age structure and income status shows that the scale of floating population increases year by year. The trend of floating population growth rate is "high first, then low", and the overall trend of floating population distribution is that 80% of the floating population is 44 years old and under the age of 30, female labor mobility is higher than male mobility. The willingness of the moving population to move, In terms of income status, the average monthly income level of floating population is higher than that of rural households and national families. The average monthly income of urban households is lower than that of urban households. Secondly, the current situation and characteristics of household consumption of floating population are analyzed. The results showed that the average monthly total expenditure of floating population was higher than that of rural households, but lower than that of urban and national households, and the average monthly expenditure of food consumption of floating population was lower than that of the whole country. Nearly 70% of the families are well off, nearly 20% of the floating population families do not have to bear the housing expenditure in the floating areas, and nearly 60% of the floating population families have housing expenditure of less than 1, 000 yuan. Again, By using the stepwise regression method of multivariate linear regression model, five conclusions are drawn: first, the family income of floating population has the most significant influence on their consumption level. The higher the income, the stronger the consumption power; second, the floating population household consumption is "inverted U"; third, the promotion of human capital plays a role in promoting the floating population household consumption; 4th, In 5th, the demographic characteristics of floating population groups are highly correlated with their household consumption level. Finally, four suggestions are put forward on the basis of model analysis: first, We should earnestly improve the income level and consumption desire of the floating population; second, strive to provide security for the floating population to settle down in urban areas; third, upgrade the human capital of the floating population and cultivate new knowledge-based labor forces; and in 4th, deepen supply-side reform. The new generation of floating population households as the focus on promoting consumption growth.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C924.2

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