三年困难时期非正常死亡人口及其相关问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 09:42

本文选题：三年困难时期　切入点：饥荒　出处：《人口研究》2017年02期

【摘要】：三年困难时期(1959~1961年)我国非正常死亡3000万人是个值得商榷的观点,必须进行全面系统的考量和原因分析。文章以1955~1957年平均死亡人口作为基准,结合1953~1964年死亡漏报及其纠正的状况,可以估算出三年困难时期非正常死亡人口约为400~500万人。非正常死亡人口在分布上具有较为明显的地域结构、年龄结构以及性别结构上的差异。此外,造成大量非正常死亡的原因非常复杂,难以从单一的因果关系中寻求答案。但种种迹象表明:这批非正常死亡人口是以饥饿死亡类型为主、其他死亡类型为次;以抗灾能力不强引起为主、以地方救灾失误引起为次。尽管非正常死亡几百万人的教训值得反思,但不能抹杀中国政府应对饥荒所做的努力及其取得的成效,更不能借此上纲上线,意图否定新中国前30年的发展。
[Abstract]:It is a debatable point of view that 30 million abnormal deaths in China must be considered and analyzed in a comprehensive and systematic way. This paper takes the average death population from 1955-1957 as a benchmark. Combined with the condition of underreporting of death and its correction from 1953 to 1964, it can be estimated that the number of abnormal deaths in three years of difficult period is about 400 ~ 5 million. The distribution of abnormal death population has obvious geographical structure. Differences in age structure and gender structure. In addition, the causes of a large number of irregular deaths are very complex, It is difficult to find an answer from a single causality. But there are indications that the main causes of this group of deaths are hunger deaths, other death types are secondary, and the lack of resilience is the main cause. Secondary to local disaster relief mistakes. Although the lessons of millions of people who died unnaturally deserve reflection, they cannot negate the efforts made by the Chinese government to deal with famine and its achievements, let alone take it to the next level. It is intended to negate the development of the first 30 years of New China.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院;世界政治经济学学会;福州大学马克思主义学院;
【分类号】：C924.2

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