新时期下基层计生网络服务模式转型研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 06:04

本文选题：基层　切入点：计生队伍　出处：《重庆工商大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自1982年计划生育被纳入宪法作为基本国策35年以来,计生网络在我国计生事业的发展中起到了重要的作用。基层计生网络具有及时提供计划生育工作信息和统计数据、政策代言、政策执行、社情民意的传递等四大基础功能,其特定的工作机制和部门对于计生事业的发展发挥着重要作用。但随着我国人口老龄化态势的加剧,从2013年“单独二孩政策”到2016年“全面二孩”政策的不断调整,2013年卫生计生机构整合,国家提倡多元主体综合治理,“互联网+”等四大背景给基层计生网络的发展带来了严峻挑战。基于四大改革背景,新时期下我国基层计生网络服务急需转型。本文采用文献研究、问卷调查、数据报表、焦点小组访谈等方法,对我国基层计生网络的基本功能特点及优势,基层计生网络建设现状等进行研究。主要的研究内容及结论如下:通过对重庆市五个区县的三大类计生工作人员,其中150名计生行政管理人员,190名计生技术人员,90名计生专干进行问卷调查发现:第一,在人口政策调整及卫生计生机构整合的背景下,计划生育工作建设没有削弱反而得以强化,大部分人对机构整合持支持态度,但机构整合后卫生计生管理体制亟待理顺。第二,基层计生人员普遍反映工作难度增强。82.12%的基层计生行政管理人员与44.71%的计生专干认为实施单独两孩政策让群众觉得政策放松了,基层计生工作更难了。第三,计划生育机构职能急需转型。69.15%的基层计生技术人员与72.94%的计生专干认为基层计划生育行政管理机构应该积极进行职能转型。第四,计划生育利益导向政策有待进一步完善、计划生育基本技术服务补助经费不足。基于以上实证研究内容,本文从服务观念转型、服务内涵转型、服务内容转型、服务方式转型、服务组织架构转型等方面提出了计生网络服务模式转型的合理路径,其中结合服务内容转型与服务方式转型重点提出“全生命周期服务3+3”模式。第一个“3”指青少年、成年、老年等三大类服务人群,第二个“3”指基础服务需求包、辅助服务需求包以及特殊服务包等三大类服务需求包。具体表现为:其一,向全人群以基础服务需求包的形式提供计划生育与生殖健康信息咨询、生殖健康相关疾病预防及治疗、孕周期生殖健康服务、生殖健康权利的维护等服务,以咨询与现场服务的方式开展。其二,向青少年以辅助服务需求包的形式提供健康教育服务,以计生工作人员政策宣传、学校课程设置与父母言传身教等方式开展。其三,向育龄妇女以辅助服务需求包的形式提供健康教育、宣传指导、随访服务等孕周期服务,以服务项目衔接强化、孕周期转介与信息查漏结合等方式开展。其四,向老年人以辅助服务需求包的形式提供医疗保障,生活照料以及精神满足等家庭服务,以医养结合、家庭医生签约、活动参与等方式开展。其五,向特殊人群以特殊服务包的形式提供职业规划、心理辅导、家庭权益保障等服务,以职业教育、心理辅导教育及民生建设与养老服务建设等方式开展。最后,本研究为基层计生网络服务成功转型提供了保障条件。第一,促进基层计生网络服务职能转型,以适应计生新形势;第二,理顺卫生计生管理体制机制,促进卫生计生事业均衡发展;第三,提高计划生育基本技术服务补助经费标准,增强工作人员积极性与群众满意度;第四,进一步完善计划生育利益导向政策,保障特殊群体权益;第五,发挥基层计生网络在社会公益性事件中的作用,强化社会治理创新理念;第六,探索“互联网+妇幼健康”服务模式,促进信息共享。本研究的创新点在于首次结合人口政策调整、卫生计生机构整合、社会治理创新、“互联网+”等四大背景,为我国基层计生网络服务模式转型提供了合理路径,并丰富了计生网络的服务内涵。但由于政策的调整,实证研究范围有限,本研究在此方面尚有不足,亟待进一步的完善。
[Abstract]:Since 1982, family planning was included in the constitution as a basic national policy in 35 years, the development of project network in China's family planning work has played an important role. The grassroots network has to provide family planning information and statistical data, policy advocacy, policy implementation, transfer the four basic functions of public opinion the specific, the working mechanism and the Department plays an important role in the development of family planning services. But along with our country population aging trend intensifies, from 2013 two separate child policy "to constantly adjust the 2016" comprehensive two child policy, 2013 integrated health planning agency, the national comprehensive management of multi subject, "the development of Internet plus" four big background to the grassroots network brings severe challenges. The four reform based on the background of the new era of China's grassroots network services are in urgent need of transformation. This paper uses the literature research Study, questionnaire survey, data report, method of focus group interviews, the basic functions and advantages of China's grassroots network, the grassroots network construction present situation and so on. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: the planning staff through the three categories of the five counties of Chongqing City, 150 a family planning administrative personnel, 190 health technicians, 90 Planning Engineer survey found that: first, the integration of health organizations in the population policy adjustment and the health of family background, family planning work construction did not weaken but can be strong, most of the people on the integration of institutions supportive, but after the integration mechanism health management system need to be straightened out. Second, grassroots planning staff generally reflect the difficulty of the work of enhanced.82.12% grassroots administrative staff and 44.71% Planning Engineer believes that the implementation of a separate two child policy to let people think The policy was relaxed, grassroots work more difficult. Third, basic functions of.69.15% family in urgent need of restructuring agencies plan planning technical personnel and 72.94% Planning Engineer believes that grassroots family planning administrative institutions should actively carry out the functions transformation. Fourth, interest oriented family planning policy to be further improved, the basic technical services of family planning funding subsidies based on the above empirical study. This paper, from the concept of service transformation, the connotation of service transformation, service transition, service transformation, service organization structure transformation and put forward reasonable design path network service model transformation, which combined with the service content and service mode transformation and put forward the key transformation of "full life cycle service 3+3 mode. The first" 3 "refers to teenagers, adults, the elderly and other three categories of service groups, second" 3 "refers to the basic service package, auxiliary service Service requirements and special package service pack three categories of service request packets. Specific performance: first, provide information on reproductive health counseling plan to the whole population based on service demand in the form of packets, the prevention and treatment of diseases related to reproductive health, pregnancy reproductive health services, reproductive health and rights maintenance services, to consultation and on-site service manner. Second, to young people to assist the service request packets in the form of health education services, the planning staff to carry out propaganda policy, school curriculum and parents' words and deeds and other means. Three, to women of childbearing age to auxiliary service demand packages to provide health education, publicity and guidance, follow-up service such as pregnancy services, services to strengthen the cohesion, pregnancy and referral information combined with other ways to carry out the leak. Fourth, providing medical care to the elderly in the auxiliary service demand package Security, life care and spiritual satisfaction and other family services, to the combination of medical care, family physician, and carry out activities to participate in other ways. Fifth, to special groups with special service package in the form of occupation planning, psychological counseling, family rights protection and other services, to carry out occupation education, psychological counseling education and the construction of people's livelihood and pension service construction. Finally, the graduate student network service provides guarantee for the successful transformation of the grassroots. First, promoting grassroots transformation of network service function, in order to adapt to the new situation of family planning; second, straighten out the health planning management system, promote the balanced development of health services; third, improve the basic technical service family planning subsidy standards, enhance the enthusiasm and satisfaction of the masses of staff; fourth, to further improve the interest oriented family planning policy, protection of special groups' rights; fifth, play at the grassroots level Family planning network in the event of social welfare in the role, strengthen the innovation of social governance concept; sixth, explore the "Internet plus maternal and child health service mode, promote information sharing. The innovation of this research is to combine the population policy adjustment, integrated health planning agency, the innovation of social governance," Internet plus "four big background that provides a reasonable path for China's grassroots network service model transformation, and enrich the connotation of family planning service network. But due to the adjustment of the policy, empirical research is limited, the research on this aspect is still inadequate and needs to be further improved.

【学位授予单位】：重庆工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C924.21

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