东南亚国家人口红利模式研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 09:02

本文选题：东南亚 + 人口红利　；参考：《东南亚研究》2013年03期

【摘要】：经济增长与人口结构的转变密切相连。东南亚主要国家人口抚养比现在都进入了一个下降通道,其中各国少儿抚养比的下降幅度都很大,但老年抚养比的变化各不相同,有的已率先进入老龄社会,有的则正处于人口红利期。因为人口结构不同,东南亚各国的经济发展模式也迥异。马来西亚采取了鼓励生育、加强人力资源开发、吸引周边国家劳动力的发展模式;菲律宾则在实行控制人口增长政策的同时,采取了向周边国家输出剩余劳动力的模式;印尼和越南则是在控制人口生育率的基础上,既采取多元化吸收劳动力的措施,同时也采取向海外进行劳务输出的模式;而泰国的模式则是一方面加强人口生育率的控制,另一方面,又实行对外开放、吸收外来劳工并实行多元化经济发展。
[Abstract]:Economic growth is closely linked to the transformation of population structure. The population dependency ratio of major countries in Southeast Asia has now entered a decline channel, among which the reduction of children's dependency ratio in all countries is very large, but the changes in the old age dependency ratio vary, some have taken the lead in entering the aging society and some are in the period of demographic dividend. The model of economic development in Southeast Asia is different. Malaysia has adopted the mode of encouraging fertility, strengthening the development of human resources and attracting the development model of the labor force in the surrounding countries. While Philippines has adopted the policy of controlling the population growth, it has adopted the mode of exporting surplus labor to the neighboring countries, and the Indonesian and Vietnam are in control. On the basis of the fertility rate, we adopt both measures to absorb the labor force and adopt the mode of exporting labor abroad, while the model of Thailand is on the one hand to strengthen the control of the fertility rate, on the other hand, it is open to the outside world, absorbs foreign labor and carries out diversified economic development.

【作者单位】：广东商学院金融学院;
【分类号】：F131;F135;C924.3

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