河北省生态足迹计算与分析

发布时间：2018-05-13 17:55

本文选题：生态足迹 + 生态承载力　；参考：《河北大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：河北省位于中国华北平原的北部,黄河下游之北,环抱北京和天津两大都市,在京津冀经济圈中居重要位置。改革开放以来,河北省经济、社会等方面取得了较大的成就,为环京津经济圈的繁荣和发展做出了巨大贡献。可是在该省经济得到快速发展的同时,其生态环境也日益遭到破坏,现已出现诸多生态问题,如：水资源短缺、水体污染、城市大气污染以及海洋污染、森林资源破坏严重、植被覆盖率低等。这一系列生态问题,对河北省社会经济的可持续发展构成了严重威胁。因此,可持续发展问题引起了全省人民的广泛关注,经济与生态的协调发展已成为未来河北省社会经济发展的根本目标。生态足迹法是一组基于生物物理量的可持续发展度量方法,最先是由加拿大生态经济学家William Rees等在1992年提出,并在1996年由Wackernagel完善的一种生物物理评价方法。生态足迹的概念和计算模型是张志强等在1999年初次引入国内,并对我国甘肃省1998年生态足迹进行了实证研究。本论文以可持续发展理论为指导,在生态足迹模型理论和计算方法研究基础上,根据《河北经济年鉴-2010》对河北省2009年的生态足迹进行了实证分析。结果显示：河北省2009年生态足迹需求为2.9379gha/人,而生态承载力仅为0.4109gha/人,人均生态赤字为2.5270gha/人,万元GDP足迹为1.214gha,生态协调系数为1.129。综上可见,该地区的人类活动对区域生态经济系统的影响已远远超出了其生态承载力,区域生态经济系统的结构和功能亟需调整。针对这种情况,本文对造成河北省生态赤字的原因进行了分析,并提出了一些实现可持续发展的对策与建议,如继续严格控制人口增长、进一步优化工业产业结构、加大保护耕地力度等。
[Abstract]:Hebei Province is located in the north of the North China Plain, the north of the lower Yellow River, encircling Beijing and Tianjin, and occupies an important position in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei economic circle. Since the reform and opening up, Hebei Province has made great achievements in economy and society, and has made great contributions to the prosperity and development of the economic circle around Beijing and Tianjin. However, with the rapid development of the province's economy, its ecological environment has been destroyed day by day, and many ecological problems have emerged, such as: water shortage, water pollution, urban air pollution and marine pollution, and the destruction of forest resources is serious. Low vegetation coverage. This series of ecological problems pose a serious threat to the sustainable development of social economy in Hebei Province. Therefore, the sustainable development problem has aroused the widespread concern of the whole province people, the coordinated development of economy and ecology has become the basic goal of the future social and economic development of Hebei Province. Ecological footprint method is a group of biophysical measures for sustainable development, which was first proposed by Canadian ecological economist William Rees et al in 1992 and improved by Wackernagel in 1996. The concept and calculation model of ecological footprint was first introduced into China by Zhang Zhiqiang in 1999, and an empirical study on the ecological footprint of Gansu Province in 1998 was carried out. Guided by the theory of sustainable development and based on the study of ecological footprint model theory and calculation method, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the ecological footprint of Hebei Province in 2009 according to Hebei Economic Yearbook-2010. The results show that the ecological footprint demand of Hebei Province in 2009 is 2.9379gha/, but the ecological carrying capacity is only 0.4109gha/, the per capita ecological deficit is 2.5270gha/, the GDP footprint of 10,000 yuan is 1.214gha. the ecological coordination coefficient is 1.129. It can be seen that the impact of human activities on the regional eco-economic system has far exceeded its ecological carrying capacity, and the structure and function of the regional eco-economic system need to be adjusted urgently. In view of this situation, this paper analyzes the causes of ecological deficit in Hebei Province, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for realizing sustainable development, such as continuing to strictly control population growth and further optimizing industrial structure. Increase protection of cultivated land and so on.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C922

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