失独家庭养老法律保障研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 20:27

本文选题：失独家庭 + 失独家庭养老　；参考：《江西农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：2015年10月29日,是一个在中国计划生育史上值得铭记的一天,因为在这一天党的十八届五中全会做出决定,中国开始实施夫妇可生养二孩政策。标志着持续了三十多年的“独生子女时代”终结,随之拉开了“多生子女时代”的序幕。但是,这并不代表我们可以忽视一个群体,那就是响应了国家计划生育政策的号召生育一胎,但当其步入中老年时独生子女由于各种原因而失去生命的人群,我们称之为“失独家庭”。上世纪70年代末中国开始实施了严格的计划生育政策,该政策为减轻人口数量激增,缓解人与环境的激烈矛盾,以及促进国家社会经济的持续发展起到了巨大作用。由于该政策的影响,中国形成了以独生子女家庭为核心的家庭结构。这种结构的出现,面临着巨大的潜在危险,那就是当唯一的子女死亡以后,其父母的养老危机。目前中国的失独家庭规模已超百万,而且还在以每年数万个的数量增长。近年来,失独家庭的权益保障日益得到各个领域的重视,也引起了学术界的探讨。失独父母面对着来自生活中方方面面的困扰,心理、经济、健康等等。法制是一个国家社会进步程度的体现,建立起以国家公权力为强制力保障的法律体系势在必行,以完备的法律制度解决失独家庭面临的各种风险,保障他们的权利。本文分为六部分来探讨失独家庭养老的法律保障。第一部分,绪论。通过对背景以及对国内外研究现状的研究梳理反映出失独家庭养老法律保障的现实状况,明确研究内容,理清研究思路。第二部分,相关概念界定和理论依据。界定相关概念,通过对失独家庭等的定义并选取社会保障理论中的马斯洛需求理论及帕累托理论,为本文提供扎实的理论基础。第三部分,我国失独家庭的困境及现有法律救济途径的分析。通过分析我国失独家庭的困境进而明确改革的方向,梳理现阶段的法律救助途径明确完善的重点。第四部分,国外失独家庭养老法律保障制度及启示。通过对国外先进的养老保障制度的梳理和分析,为我国失独家庭养老制度的建设提供有益参考。第五部分,失独家庭养老法律保障对策。结合前四个部分的探究,就我国失独家庭的养老保障提出相关建议和相应对策。第六部分,结论。论文的结论与研究趋势展望。
[Abstract]:October 29, 2015, is a memorable day in China's family planning history, when a decision was made at the Fifth Plenary session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to implement the policy of having two children for couples. It marked the end of the "one-child era", which lasted for more than 30 years, and began with the prologue of the "multi-child era". However, this does not mean that we can ignore a group that responds to the call of the National Family Planning Policy to have one child, but when they enter the middle and old age, the only child loses his life for a variety of reasons. We call it the lost family. China began to implement a strict family planning policy in the late 1970s, which has played a great role in alleviating the population explosion, alleviating the fierce contradiction between people and environment, and promoting the sustainable development of the country's social economy. As a result of this policy, China has formed a family structure with one-child family as its core. The emergence of this kind of structure is faced with great potential danger, that is, when the only child dies, their parents' pension crisis. China's jobless families are now more than a million and are growing by tens of thousands a year. In recent years, the protection of the rights and interests of families without independence has been paid more and more attention in various fields. Parents are faced with psychological, economic, health problems from all aspects of their lives. The legal system is the embodiment of a country's social progress. It is imperative to set up a legal system with the state public power as the compulsory force to solve the various risks faced by families without independence and protect their rights with a complete legal system. This article is divided into six parts to explore the legal protection of the unemployed family pension. The first part, introduction. Through the background and the domestic and foreign research status quo research to reflect the lost independence family pension legal protection of the reality of the situation, clear research content, clear research ideas. The second part, the definition of relevant concepts and theoretical basis. Through the definition of lost family and the selection of Maslow's demand theory and Pareto theory in social security theory, this paper provides a solid theoretical basis for this paper. The third part, the plight of the families lost independence and the analysis of the existing legal remedies. By analyzing the plight of the families without independence in our country and then clarifying the direction of the reform, we can find out the key points of the ways of legal aid at the present stage. The fourth part, the foreign lost independence family endowment legal protection system and enlightenment. By combing and analyzing the advanced old-age security system in foreign countries, this paper provides a useful reference for the construction of the old-age system for families without independence in our country. The fifth part, the law safeguard countermeasure of losing independence family endowment. Combined with the first four parts of the study, this paper puts forward the relevant suggestions and corresponding countermeasures for the old-age security of the families without independence in our country. The sixth part, conclusion. The conclusion and research trend of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C924.21;D920.0

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