宁夏计划生育利益导向机制探究

发布时间：2018-05-30 14:41

本文选题：宁夏 + 计划生育　；参考：《中央民族大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国自20世纪70年代全面推行计划生育政策以来,伴随着利益导向机制在计划生育工作中的运用,我国人口和计划生育工作取得了十分显著的成效。对于地域辽阔,自然条件恶劣,社会经济发展滞后,生态环境脆弱,水资源严重短缺的宁夏南部山区来说,虽然经过多年的努力,人口和计划生育工作取得了可喜的局面,但是广大群众的生育意愿与生育政策之间的矛盾依然存在,宁夏人口形势依然严峻,低生育水平还不稳定,生育文明建设进程缓慢。如何立足区情、创新思路,将计划生育工作与扶贫开发工作结合起来,改变单纯依靠行政命令和经济惩罚手段控制计划外生育,从根本上改变群众“重男轻女”、“多子多福”的传统观念,使贫困群众走出“越生越穷,越穷越生”的怪圈,就成为当前宁夏人口和计划生育事业科学发展面临的一个巨大挑战。本文从我国计划生育利益导向机制的建立与实践入手,结合宁夏“少生快富”工程的实践实例,对宁夏计划生育利益导向机制的基本情况进行解读,发现当前宁夏计划生育利益导向机制主要存在政策覆盖面窄、政策引导力度有限、普惠性政策的不利导向、政策实施部门间缺少良好协作、工作重心存在偏差等问题,并从社会性别视角、公共财政投入保障机制、政策设计与制定的科学性、协调性等方面对影响宁夏计划生育利益导向机制功效缺失的原因进行了分析。最后,笔者提出了完善宁夏计划生育利益导向机制的一些建设性思考,力求从以下五个方面加以完善：一要增强政策决策者和执行者的社会性别意识；二要健全公共财政投入保障机制；三要因地制宜,适时调整相关政策；四要加强政策协调机制建设；五要提高认识转变观念。
[Abstract]:Since the overall implementation of family planning policy in the 1970s, China's population and family planning work have achieved remarkable results along with the application of the benefit oriented mechanism in family planning work. For the mountainous areas in southern Ningxia with vast territory, harsh natural conditions, lagging social and economic development, fragile ecological environment and severe water shortage, despite years of efforts, the population and family planning work have achieved a gratifying situation. But the contradiction between the people's fertility will and fertility policy still exists, the population situation in Ningxia is still grim, the low fertility level is not stable, and the process of fertility civilization construction is slow. How to combine family planning with poverty alleviation and development on the basis of regional conditions, how to control unplanned fertility by purely relying on administrative orders and economic punishment, and how to fundamentally change the masses' preference for boys over girls? The traditional concept of "having more children and more blessings" makes the poor people walk out of the strange circle of "being poorer and more born", which has become a great challenge to the scientific development of population and family planning in Ningxia at present. This paper starts with the establishment and practice of the interest oriented mechanism of family planning in our country, combined with the practical example of Ningxia project of "having fewer children and getting rich quickly", and interprets the basic situation of the benefit oriented mechanism of family planning in Ningxia. It is found that the current interest oriented mechanism of family planning in Ningxia mainly has some problems, such as narrow policy coverage, limited policy guidance, unfavorable orientation of inclusive policy, lack of good cooperation among policy implementation departments, and deviation in the focus of work. And from the perspective of social gender, the mechanism of public financial investment, the scientific and coordination of policy design and formulation, this paper analyzes the reasons for the lack of effectiveness of the benefit oriented mechanism of family planning in Ningxia. Finally, the author puts forward some constructive thoughts on how to perfect the benefit oriented mechanism of family planning in Ningxia, and tries to perfect it from the following five aspects: first, strengthen the gender consciousness of policy makers and executors; The second is to perfect the mechanism of ensuring public financial input; the third is to adjust the relevant policies according to local conditions; the fourth is to strengthen the construction of policy coordination mechanism; and the fifth is to raise awareness and change ideas.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C924.21

【参考文献】