交通基础设施对城市人口集聚的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 20:48

本文选题：交通基础设施 + 线路可达性　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：交通基础设施建设是强国兴邦的重要举措,也是城市经济发展的必经之路。作为当今城市发展的桥梁,交通基础设施的建设决定着城市交通的发展方向,影响了城市空间格局,与城市人口就业分布、居住分布、城市产业布局、城市经济集聚扩散息息相关。近年来,中国政府对城市交通基础设施建设的投资力度不断加大,力图通过城市交通条件的改善,突破城市发展瓶颈,促进东部地区经济进一步发展,实现西部地区大开发和中部地区崛起;同时也希望通过改变城市交通基础设施的布局,优化城市资源配置,减轻城市交通通过人口过度集聚带来的负外部性。因此,探索城市交通基础设施对城市人口集聚的促进或抑制内在机制,对我国政府合理优化城市人口规模、科学地调控城市人口集聚与分散具有非常重要的意义。本文首先梳理了前人的文献,发现国内外的文献多侧重于研究城市交通基础设施与城市经济之间的关系,仅有少数学者单独研究城市交通基础设施与城市人口的关系,而且在研究二者的关系时并未同时考虑城市交通基础设施与城市人口促进和抑制的双重关系。因此,本文将综合考虑城市交通对城市人口的促进和抑制作用。首先,本文在理论上分析了城市交通基础设施对城市空间集聚的微观作用机制,从城市交通枢纽建设提高城市可靠性和交通线路可达性从而促进人口集聚两个层面切入,构建城市交通基础设施对城市人口集聚的理论框架。其次,在实证分析层面,本文通过Eviews软件对我国284个地级市的交通基础设施和城市人口集聚情况进行分析,验证城市交通可以通过提高区域可达性和可靠性来促进城市人口集聚;同时城市交通基础设施也会通过产生交通拥挤、租金上涨、环境污染等问题抑制城市人口集聚。本文通过纳入交通基础设施的平方项验证交通基础设施对城市人口是否存在这种先促进后抑制的倒U作用。本文按照地理区位将284个城市分为东部、中部、西部、东北四个区域,及按照人口规模将城市分为大城市、中等城市、及小型城市分别分析交通基础设施对不同区域人口所产生的影响。实证结果显示城市交通基础设施对四个区域的影响存在明显差异,但是按照区域划分和按照人口规模划分的模型结果存在稳定性;城市交通基础设施对城市人口集聚作用显著,但是并未表现出先促进后抑制的倒U型关系。
[Abstract]:The construction of transportation infrastructure is an important measure for a powerful country to flourish, and is also the only way for the development of urban economy. As a bridge of urban development, the construction of transportation infrastructure determines the development direction of urban transportation, affects the urban spatial pattern, and urban population employment distribution, residential distribution, urban industrial distribution. Urban economic agglomeration is closely related to its diffusion. In recent years, the Chinese government has been investing more and more in the construction of urban transport infrastructure, in an effort to break through the bottleneck of urban development and promote further economic development in the eastern region through the improvement of urban transport conditions. At the same time, it is hoped that by changing the layout of urban transportation infrastructure and optimizing the allocation of urban resources, the negative externalities of urban traffic through excessive population agglomeration can be alleviated. Therefore, it is of great significance for our government to explore the internal mechanism of urban transportation infrastructure to promote or suppress urban population agglomeration, to optimize the urban population scale reasonably, and to control the urban population agglomeration and dispersion scientifically. This paper first combs the previous literature, finds that the domestic and foreign literature mainly focuses on the relationship between urban transport infrastructure and urban economy, and only a few scholars study the relationship between urban transport infrastructure and urban population. Moreover, the dual relationship between urban transportation infrastructure and urban population promotion and suppression is not taken into account when studying the relationship between the two. Therefore, this paper will consider the role of urban traffic to promote and suppress urban population. First of all, this paper theoretically analyzes the micro mechanism of urban traffic infrastructure on urban spatial agglomeration, from the construction of urban transportation hub to improve the reliability of the city and the accessibility of traffic lines, thus promoting the population agglomeration two levels cut into. The theoretical framework of urban transportation infrastructure for urban population agglomeration is constructed. Secondly, at the level of empirical analysis, this paper analyzes the traffic infrastructure and urban population concentration of 284 prefectural cities in China by Eviews software. It is proved that urban traffic can promote urban population agglomeration by improving regional accessibility and reliability. At the same time, urban transport infrastructure can restrain urban population agglomeration by causing traffic congestion, rising rents and environmental pollution. In this paper, the square term of transportation infrastructure is included to verify whether there is such a reverse effect of traffic infrastructure on urban population. In this paper, 284 cities are divided into four regions according to their geographical location: east, middle, west and northeast, and cities are divided into big cities and middle cities according to their population size. And small cities to analyze the impact of transport infrastructure on the population of different regions. The empirical results show that there are significant differences in the impact of urban transport infrastructure on the four regions, but there is stability in the model according to regional division and population scale, and the effect of urban transport infrastructure on urban population concentration is significant. However, there was no inverted U-type relationship between promotion and inhibition.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C924.2;F512

【参考文献】